248 CARDUACE.\E 



Basal leaves narrowly spatulate; stem-leaves oblanceolate. 



38. E. condensatus. 

 Leaves linear-filiform. 33. E. nematophyllus. 



Heads discoid; leaves narrowly linear. 34. E. Bloomeri. 



V. PUMILI. 



Pubescence of rather long hairs ; branches of the stem almost erect. 

 Heads radiate. 



Stems over 1 dm. high, when well developed, with more than one head each. 

 Ray-flowers wliite. 



Outer pappus of small inconspicuous bristles; plant copiously hairy. 



35. E. pumilus. 

 Outer pappus of broad squamellae; plant sparingly hairy. 



36. E. Brandegei. 

 Ray-flowers blue or purphsh; outer pappus conspicuous and squamellate. 



37. E. concinnus. 

 Stems usually less than 1 dm. high and usually monocephalous. 



Leaves spatulate. 38. E. condensatus. 



Leaves narrowly luiear-oblanceolate. 32. E. nanus. 



Heads discoid. 39. E. aphanacHs. 



Pubescence very short: branches of the stems spreading. 72. E. Wootonii. 



VI. Dectjmbextes. 



Leaves l-nerved, linear-oblanceolate; the lower u.sually obtiisish. 26. E. Engelmannii. 

 Leaves 3-nerved. at least at the base, equally long-acuminate at both ends. 



Pubescence of the leaves loose, hirsiite and somewhat glandular-puberulent. 



40. E. decumbens. 



Pubescence of the leaves appressed-strigose. 41. E. microlonchus. 



Xll. El.\tiores. 

 Bracts very densely ■villous, squarrose; leaves entire. 42. E. elalior. 



Bracts sparingly villous; leaves usually dentate. 



Liaules wliite; bracts scarcely squarrose; stem sparinglv pubescent. 



43. E. Coulteri. 

 Ligules blue or purple; bracts squarrose; stem densely pubescent above. 



44. E. peregrinus. 

 VIII. Salsuginosi. 



Rootstock thick; leaves tliickish, acute; bracts narrowly linear-lanceolate, with strongly 

 spreading tips. 

 Peduncles mostly soUtary, finely strigose; stem single from the rootstock. 



45. E. salsuginosus. 

 Pedtmcles usually more than one, scabrous; stems several from a caudex. 



49. E. eucephaloidcs. 

 Rootstock slender; leaves thin, with long mucronate tips; bracts narrowly linear-subu- 

 late, only slightly spreading. 4G. E. Howellii. 



IX. AlACR.\NTHI. 



Basal leaf-blades broadly obovate-spatulate, often denticulate; stem-leaves distant, 

 shorter than the interhodes, not ciUate on the margins; bracts glandular-puberulent, 

 seldom with a few hairs. 47. E. superbus. 



Basal leaf-blades oblanceolate, entire; stem-leaves usually longer than the internodes, 

 usually ciUate on the margins. 

 Bracts linear-subulate, glandular-puberulent. not at aU hirsute; leaves glabrous. 

 Leaves linear-lanceolate, minutely ciUolate. 



Leaves dark green; bracts not witli loose tips. 48. E. salicinus 



Leaves light green; bract with spreading tips. 49. E eucephaloitlrs. 



Leaves not dark green, dull, strongly hirsute-ciUate. 50. E. macranthus. 



Bracts linear, more or less hirsute. 



Stem and leaves glabrous or nearly so; the latter cUiate only on the margin and 

 the veins below; bracts glandular-puberulent and with scattered hairs. 



51. E. speciosus. 

 Stem and leaves hairy: bracts liirsute or both hir.sute and glandular. 



Leaves liirsute. 



Pubescence scant, that of the stem long; leaves Un ear-lanceolate. 



52. E. conspicuus. 

 Pubescence of the leaves and the involucres dense, that of the stem short. 



Plant tall, green; upper stem-leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, dis- 

 tinctly triple-nerved. 52. E. subtrinerris. 

 Plant low, canescent; upper stem-leaves lanceolate, scarcely triple- 

 nerved. 54. E. incanescens. 

 Leaves glandular-puberulent. 55. E. Vreelandii. 



X. Gl^VBELLI. 



Involucre hirsute or strigose, not at all glandular. 



Leaves glabrous, e.xcept the ciliate margins. 56. E. glabeUus. 



Leaves more or less pubescent. 



Pubescence loose and spreading. 57. E. fruticetorum. 



Pubescence appressed. 58. E. Earlci. 



Involucres more or less glandular, sometimes also hirsute. 

 Leaves glabrous, e.xcept the cihate margins 



Stem pubescent, especially above, only slightly glandular. 



Bracts narrowly Unear-subulate ; ligules usually bluish or pink. 



