286 



GLOSSARY 



Basal, Basilar. At or pertaining to the 

 base 



Basifixed. Attached by the base. 



Bast. The fibrous portion of the inner 

 bark. 



Beaked. Ending in a beak or prolonged 

 tip. 



Bearded. With long or stiff hairs of any 

 sort; awns of grasses are sometimes 

 called beard. 



Berry. A fruit with pericarp wholly 

 pulpy. 



Bi- or Bis-. A Latin prefix signifying 

 two, twice, or doubly. 



Biconvex . Convex on both sides; lens- 

 sliaped. 



Bidentate. Having two teeth. 



Bidentulate. Diminutive of bidentate. 



Biennial. Of two vears' duration. 



Bifid. Two-cleft. 



Bilabiate. Two-lipped. 



Bilocular. Two-celled. 



Binate. Two together. 



Bipinnate (leaf). Twice pinnate. 



Bipinnatifid. Twice pinnatifid. 



Biserial, Biserinte. Occupying two rows, 

 one within the other. 



Bisexual. Having both stamens and 

 pistils. 



Biternate. Twice ternate (principal divi- 

 sions 3, each with 3 leaflets). 



Bivalndar. Two-valved. 



Bladdery. Thin and inflated. 



Blade. The flat expanded part of a leaf. 



Bract. A leaf, usually small, subtending 

 a flower or flower-cluster, or a .sporange. 



Bracteate. With bracts. 



Bracteolate. Havuig bractlets. 



Bracteose. AVith numerous or conspicu- 

 ous bracts. 



Bractlet. A secondary bract, borne on a 

 pedicel, or immediately beneath a 

 flower; sometimes applied to minute 

 bracts. 



Bristle. A stiff hair or any similar out- 

 growth. 



Bulb. A subterranean leaf-bud with 

 fleshy scales or coats. 



Bulbiferous. Bearing bulbs. 



Bulblct. A small bulb, especially one 

 borne upon the stem. 



Bulbose, Bulbous. Bulb-like in form. 



Caducous. Dropping off very early. 

 Calcarate. Produced into or having a 



spiu". 

 Callus. An extension of the inner scale 



of a grass spikelet; a protuberance. 

 Calyculate. Having bracts around the 



calyx imitating an outer calyx. 

 Calyptrate. Furnished with a calyptra, 



or coming off as a hd or extinguisher. 

 Calyx. The outer of two series of floral 



leaves. 

 Campanulate. Bell-shaped. 

 ■Campylotropous (ovule or seed). So 



curved as to bring the apex and base 



nearly together. 

 Canaliculate. Channelled; longitudinally 



grooved. 

 Cancellate. Reticulated, with the meshes 



sunken. 

 Canescent. With gray or hoary fine 



pubescence. 

 Capillary. Hair-like in form; as fine as 



hair or slender bristles. 

 Capitate. Shaped like a head; collected 



into a head or dense cluster. 

 Capitellate. Diminutiv'e of capitate. 

 Capitulum. A Uttle head. 



Capsular. Belonging to or of the nature 

 of a capsuie. 



Capsule. A dry dehiscent fruit, composed 

 of more than one carpel. 



Carinate. Keeled; with a longitudinal 

 ridge. 



Carpel. The modified leaf forming the 

 ovary, or a part of a compound ovary. 



Carpophore. The slender prolongation of 

 the floral axis wliich in the Umbelliferae 

 supports tile pendulous ripe carpels. 



Cartilaginous. Of the texture of cartilage; 

 firm and tough. 



Caruncle. An appendage to a seed at the 

 liilum. 



Carunculate. With a caruncle. 



Caryopsis. The grain; fruit of grasses, 

 with a thin pericarp adherent to the 

 seed. 



Catkin. A scaly deciduous spike of flow- 

 ers; an ament. 



Caudate. With a slender tail-like ap- 

 pendage. 



Caudex. The persistent base of an other- 

 wise annual herbaceous stem. 



Caudicle. Stalk of a pollen-mass in the 

 Orchid and Milkweed families. 



Caulescent. Having a manifest stem. 



Cauline. Pertaining to the stem. 



Cell. A ca\-ity, of an anther or ovary. 



Chaff. Tliin dry scales. 



Chaffy. P'urnislied with chaff, or of the 

 texture of chaff. 



Channelled. Deeply grooved longitudin- 

 ally, like a gutter. 



Charlaceous. Papery tn texture. 



Chlorophyll. Green coloring matter of 

 plants. 



Choripetalous. AppUed to a corolla whose 

 petals are cUstmct. 



Chorisepalous. Apphed to a calyx whose 

 sepals are distinct. 



Ciliate (foliar organs). Beset on the 

 margin with a fringe. 



Ciliolaie. Mmutely ciliate. 



Cinereous. Ash-grayish; the color of 

 ashes. 



Circinate. Coiled downward from the 

 apex. 



Circurnscissile. Transversely dehiscent, 

 the top falling away as a Ud. 



Clavate. Club-shaped. 



Claw. The narrow or stalk-like base of 

 some petals. 



Cleft. Cut about half-way to the midvein. 



Clcistogamous. Fertilized in the bud, 

 without the openmg of the flower. 



Coalescence. The union of parts or or- 

 gans of the same kind. 



Cochleate. Coiled or shaped like a snail 

 shell. 



Cohesion. The union of one organ with 

 another. 



Columella. A term applied to the per- 

 sistent axis of the capsule. 



Columnar. Like a colunm. 



Coma. Tuft of hairs at the ends of some 

 seeds. 



Commissure. The surface by which one 

 carpel joins another, as in the Umbel- 

 hferae. 



Composite. A plant belonging to Cardu- 

 aceae, Cichoriaceae, or Ambrosiaceae 

 (constituting the old Compositae). 



Concave. With the surface curved in. 



Conduplicatc. Folded lengthwise. 



Conglomerate. Densely clustered. 



Coniferous. Cone-bearing. 



Connate. Similar organs more or less 

 united. 



