MONOCOTYLEDONS. 37 



prickles ; branches 4-angled, usually unarmed ; leaves deltoid-ovate 

 or often hastate, 5-7-ribbed, smootli on both sides and often discol- 

 ored, margins usuall}^ fringed with fine prickles ; peduncles twice as 

 long as the petioles, flattened ; umbels many-flowered, pedicels short ; 

 berries 8-20 in a cluster, black, 1-seeded. April-June. lu swamps 

 and thickets. 



4. S. LAURiFOLiA L. Laurel-leaved Greenbrier. Stem 

 terete, stout, thickly beset with stout, straight prickles ; branches 

 1-angled, mostly unarmed ; leaves thick, evergreen, elliptical to nar- 

 rowly ovate, obtuse at both ends, smooth, 3-nerved ; peduncles shorter 

 than the petioles, angled, stout ; pedicels shorter than the peduncles ; 

 berries black, 1-seeded, ripening the second season, March-August. 

 Margins of streams and swamps. 



5. S. Walteri Pursh. Walter's Greenbrier, Stem low, 

 with few prickles, 2-5 ft. long, branches slightly 4-angled, unarmed ; 

 leaves oblong-lanceolate to oval, obtuse or acute at the apex, rounded 

 or cordate at the base, 5-ribbed, smooth ; peduncles flattened, about 

 as long as the petioles and pedicels ; berry bright red, ripening the 

 first year. March- April. Wet pine barrens. 



iG, h;emodorace;e. bloodwort family. 



Perennial herbs from short rootstocks ; stem erect ; leaves 

 linear, equitant ; flowers in a terminal cyme or panicle, 

 regular or nearly so, the persistent perianth 6-parted, adnate 

 to the ovary ; stamens 3 ; ovary 1-3-celled, few-ovuled, style 

 slender, stigma entire or lobed ; fruit a 3-valved capsule. 



GYROTHECA. 



Stem stout, leafy ; juice orange-colored ; leaves narrowly 

 lin(;ar, equitant ; flowers in a dense, terminal, woolly cyme ; 

 perianth ()-i)arted, woolly without, the three inner segments 

 longer, tub(i adnate to the ovary ; stamens opi)()site the inner 

 segments, longer than the perianth ; style filiform, declined, 

 deciduous, capsule globose, 3-angled, many-seeded. 



G. capitata (Walt.) Morong. Red-root. Rootstock rather 

 stout, with coarse, red, fibrous roots ; stem mostly .simple, smooth 

 below, woolly al)0ve ; leaves linear, crowded an(l eipiitant below, 



