166 ELEMENTS OF BOTANY. 



2. C. Amonum Mill. KiNNiKiNNiK. A shrub, O-lO ft. high; 

 twigs purple, pubescent when young ; leaves opposite, j^etioled, ovate 

 or oblong, acuminate, smooth above, silky-pubescent below; flowers 

 white, in rather close cymes ; drupe blue, stone somewhat oblique. 

 May-June. In low woods. 



3. C. ASPERiFOLiA Michx. Rough-leaved Dogwood. A shrub 

 8-12 ft. high ; twigs slender, reddish-brown, often warty, densely 

 pubescent when young; leaves opposite, short-petioled, lance-ovate or 

 oblong, acute or acuminate, rough-pubescent above, Avoolly pubescent 

 below; cymes flat, spreading, the peduncle and branches rough- 

 pubescent; flowers white ; drupe white or pale blue, stone depressed- 

 globose. May-June. In dry woods. 



4. C. ALTERNIFOLIA L. AlTERNATE-LEAVED DoGWOOD. A 



shrub or small tree ; twigs greenish, striped ; leaves alternate, often 

 clustered at the ends of the twigs, long-petioled, oval, acute at the 

 apex and often at the base, minutely toothed, pale and pubescent 

 beneath ; cymes loose and open ; flowers white ; drupe deep blue, 

 seeds globose. May-June. Banks of streams. 



11. NYSSA. 



Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, petioled, entire or few- 

 toothed ; flowers polygamous or dioecious, the staminate in 

 many-flowered heads or cymes, the pistillate in small clusters 

 or solitary ; calyx tube 5-toothed or truncate ; petals minute 

 or wanting; stamens 5-10; ovary 1-celled, 1-ovuled, style 

 long and recurved; fruit a 1-seeded drupe. 



1. N. sylvatica Marsh. Black Gum. A tree with widely spread- 

 ing branches and dark, rough bark, wood light-colored, very tough, 

 base of trunk often enlarged ; leaves often clustered at the ends of 

 the twigs, oval or obovate, acuminate or obtuse at the apex, entire, 

 smooth and shining above, pubescent beneath, becoming bright red 

 in autumn; staminate flowers in capitate clusters; pistillate 3-10 in 

 a long-peduncled cluster ; drupe ovoid, dark blue or nearly black, ^ in. 

 long, stone slightly ridged. April-May. In rich, wet soil. 



2. N". AQUATiCA L. Tupelo. A large tree, similar to the pre- 

 ceding ; leaves long-petioled, oval or ovate, acute at each end, entire 

 or coarsely toothed, the lower sometimes cordate, smooth above, 

 tomentose beneath, 4-8 in. long; staminate flowers in capitate clus- 

 ters; pistillate flowers on long peduncles, solitary; drupe ovoid, 

 dark blue, stone sharply ridged. April. In swamps. 



