NATURAL CLASSES. 75 



nate sheathing, leaves or scales. The true 

 Grasses. 



35. Alismians, stems jointed, leafless, or 

 leaves radical. Alls ma. 



XII. Class, PiAROMiANs, stcms not jointed, 

 solid or thick, but of various forms, roots per- 

 ennial dissimilar. 



36. Smllaclans, stems hard perennial, leafy 

 by expansions, often bearing flowers, Ruscus, 

 Smllax. 



37. Helonlans, stems soft annual, roots per- 

 ennial, thick or tuberose ; leaves expansive, 

 Dioscorea, Heloiiias, Asphodelus. 



38. Hydnorkins, Leafless, stemless oply 

 roots and flowers. Aphyteia, Raffles la. 



XIII. Class, FiLixiANS, stem rhizomian, un- 

 der or above ground, leaves crowning this 

 radical stem bearing fruits. The Ferns. 



39. Dorsiferlans, true Ferns, leaves bearing 

 fruits on the back. 



40. Radiciferians, roots bearing fruits be- 

 tween the leaves, or on pedundes. 



XIV. Class, MusciDiANS, the Mosses, roots 

 small creeping, stem bearing leaves or scales 

 persistent, or membranose frondose. 



41. Phylosians, leaves or scales, Mosses, 

 Lycopodians. 



42. Frondulians, no real leaves, a winged 

 or expanded membranose stem. Hepaticans. 



III. Series LARNAGENES. 



XV. Class, Lichens. Expanded crust with 

 scutelas or tubercles. 



43. ScuteUites — Scutellas. 



44. Fhymltes — Tubercles. 



XVI. Class, Nemites, Filamentose bodies. 



45. Usnites, Scutellas, no joints, solid. 



