PINE FAMILY 41 



Sabine Pine. "A well-defined species, in the happy position of having no 

 synonyms. ' ' — Masters, 1904. 



Kefs. — PiNUS SABINIAN.\ Douglas, Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. W. p. 747 (1833), type loe. prob- 

 ably near San Juan Bautista, Douglas; Davidson, Erythea, vol. 3, p. 1.56 (1895); Jepson, Fl. 

 W. Mill. Cal. p. 22 (1901). 



12. P. torreyana Parry. Toreey Pine. Low crooked or sprawling tree 

 15 to 35 feet high, or sometimes straight and 60 feet high ; needles in 5s, 8 to 12 

 inches long; cones triangular ovate, 4 to 51^ inches long, the scales at apex 

 thickened into heavy pyramids; cotyledons 12 to 14. 



Local on the San Diego coast about Del Mar (type loc.) and on Santa Rosa 

 Island. 



Eefs. — PiNUS TOEREYAXA Parry, Bot. Mex. Bound. Sur. p. 210, t. .58, 59 (1859) ; Engelmann 

 in Bot. Cal. vol. 2, p. 125 (1880). 



13. P. parryana p]ngelm. Parry Pinon. Short-trunked low tree 15 to 

 30 feet high; needles l^i to ly^ inches long, usually 4 (sometimes 2, 3 or 5) in 

 a cluster; cones subglobose, % to l^/) inches long; .seeds with rudimentary 

 wings. 



San Jacinto Range and .southward into Lower California. 



Refs. — PiNUS parryana Engelmann, Am. .lour. Sci. ser. 2, vol. 34, p. 332 (1862), in Bot. 

 Cal. \ol. 2, p. 124 (1880). P. quadrifoUa Sudworth, U. S. Div. For. Bull. no. 14, p. 17 

 (1897); Sargent, Silva, vol. 11, p. 43, t. 549 (1897). 



14. P. monophylla Torr. One-leaf Plnon. Low flat-crowned tree 8 to 

 25 (or 45) feet high, the trunk very short; needles 1 in a place, cylindrie, 

 curving upward and ending in an abrupt point, IV2 to 2 inches long; staminate 

 catkins dark red; cones subglobo.se, chocolate-brown or yellow, 2^2 to 314 inches 

 in diameter; scales thick, raised at apex into high broad-based pyramids with 

 slightly umbilicate or flattened summits bearing a minute deciduous prickle; 

 seeds dark bi"own, oblong in outline, slightly flattened, % inch long, without 

 wings ; cotyledons 7 to 10. 



Desert regions of California eastward to Utah and Arizona and southward 

 to Lower California. Scattered along eastern .slope of Sierra Nevada from 

 Sierra Co. southward ; on western slope occurring in a few isolated localities on 

 the three forks of the Kings River (5,500 to 6,500 feet) and on the walls of the 

 Grand Canon of the Kern (8,000 to 9,000 feet); southward to the Tehachapi 

 Range, San Bernardino Mts, and Lower California, and westward to the San 

 Rafael Mts. Growth always scattered. Seeds a precious article of food to the 

 native tribes of the desert. 



Refs. — PiNus monophylla Torrey in Fremont, Rep. Second Exped. p. 319, pi. 4 (1845); 

 Fremont, Rep. Second Exped., pp. 221, 222, 225, 226, 229 (1845). type loc. Walker River, 

 Inyo Co., Capi. Fremont; Masters, Ann. Bot. vol. 2, p. 124 (1888); Leiberg, 20th Rep. U. S. 

 Geol. Sur. pt. 5 (For. Res.), pp. 423, 444 (1900). 



15. P. muricata Don. Bishop Pine. (Figs. 4 and 5.) Littoral tree 40 to 

 80 feet high with trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter, the axis and branches with per- 

 sistent circles of cones from near the base to the siuiuuit; bai-k 1 to IVl' inches 

 thick, dark red. l)rown on the surface, soft and brittle, broi<en l)y fissiu'es into 

 rough ridges; needles in 2s, 4 to 6 inches long; staminate catkins ovate, 3 or 4 lines 

 long, 12 to 60 in a cluster, their peduncles exserted from the winter bud; 

 ovulate catkins 2 to 5 in a whorl. 1 to 5 whorls on a season's shoot; cones i)roadly 

 ovate, acute. 2 to 3 inches long, almost as l)road, or when open more or less 

 globose, borne 3, 4 or 5 in a circle, gradually turned downward, developed more 

 strongly on the outside towards the base and in consequence always one-sided; 



