60 CUPRESSACEAE 



Umbos low, crescent-shaped, upwardly impressed. 



Glands on leaves none or rare; maritime species. 



Seed small, black 1. C. goveniana. 



Seed larger, brown 2. G. macrocarpa. 



Glands on leaves present as dorsal pits; seeds brown 3. C. sargewtii. 



Umbos conical, well-developed, spreading; leaves with conspicuous resin-bearing pits. 



Cones red-brown, 5 to 8 lines long; umbos typically incurved 4. C. macnahiana. 



Cones silvery or glaucous, 4 to 6 lines long; umbos short conical -5. C. halierii. 



1. C. goveniana Gord. Gowen Citress. Dwarf Cypress. Small shrub 

 1 to 20 feet hig-h. rarely becoming a tree 75 feet high with the trunk hark 

 brown, smoothish but superficially cheeked into freely interlocking ribbons 

 % inch broad ; leaves without pits, rarely with lateral depressions ; cones light 

 brown, subglobose or oval. 6 to 8 lines long, rarely larger, with 4 pair of scales; 

 umbo short, thin-edged, upwardly impressed; seeds black, angular or acutely 

 margined, sometimes minutely warty. 1 to li/o lines long. 



Neighborhood of the ocean : Monterey (type loc. Theo. Hartweg) ; ^Mendocino 

 White Plains from Mendocino City north to Ft. Bragg. Miniature fore.sts are 

 found on the ilendocino White Plains, where the alkaline soil rests on a sand- 

 stone hardpan 1 or 2 feet below the surface; these tiny forests consist of dwarf 

 canes 1 to 5 feet high, unbranched or with only a few short foliage branchlets, 

 and are a remarkable feature of the region. Bushy shrubs 6 to 12 feet high 

 and slender poles 15 to 25 feet high also occur in the same locality, as well as 

 a few trees 50 to 75 feet high and 21/0 to 3 feet in trunk diameter. At Mon- 

 terey hinidreds of cone-bearing dwarfs 1 to 2 feet high are scattered in the 

 forest which extends southward and westward from Huckleberry Hill. 



Refs. — CuPRESSUS goveniana Ciordon, Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. vol. 4, p. 295 (1849). C. 

 goveniana var. pygmaea Lemmon, Handb. West. Am. Conif., p. 77 (189.5). C. pygmaea 

 Sargent, Bot. Gaz. vol. 31, p. 239 (1901). C. goveniana var. 2)arva Lemmon, Sierra Club 

 Bull. vol. 4. p. 116 (1902). 



2. C. macrocarpa Ilartw. ]\Ionterey Cypress. Littoral tree 15 to 20 feet 

 high with trunk 1 to 3 feet in diameter; crown regular, conical, or when wind- 

 blown exceedingly distorted and irregular; ultimate branchlets numerous, fine 

 and terete, densely clothed with triangular scale-like leaves; leaves i/^ to 1% 

 lines long; staminate catkins ovate or subglobose, 1 to 2 lines long, borne at 

 the ends of the ultimate branchlets ; ovulate catkins greenish, composed of 

 about 7 pairs of broadly ovate thinnish scales; cones dull brown, brctadly 

 oblong or subglobose, 1 to 2 inches long; scales fiat-topped, with a central 

 curved thin-edged ridge-like umbo ; seeds 1 to 2 lines long, narrowly wing- 

 margined but irregularly shaped from crowding in the cones and with a 

 minute white lanceolate attachment scar at base. 



Two groves on sea coast near ilonterej'. The Point Cypress Grove extends 

 from Point Cypress south about two miles to Pescadei'O Point at Carmel Bay, 

 occupying a strip a few hundred yards wide or with a few trees scattered 

 farther inland. The Point Lobos Grove occurs on Point Lobos south of 

 Carmel Bay. Many trees stand on the bold headlands or cling to the rocky 

 sea-clift's and are carved into picturesque outlines by the violent winds from 

 the Pacific. The flattened or board-like stems are a characteristic feature of 

 these trees. ^Monterey Cypress is cultivated in many parts of the world and 

 is highly valued as a windbreak in California since it is of rapid growth and 

 aifords a perfect shelter. 



Refs. — CliPRESSUS MACROCARPA Hartweg in Gordon, Jour. Hort. Soc. Loml. vol. 4, p. 206, fig 

 (1849), vol. 2, p. 187 (1847); Hooker, Card. Chron. 1S85, p. 176, fig. 



