94 GRAMIXEAE 



13. P. shastense .Scribii. & ]\Ierr. Venial form 1 to 1\U feet high, papillose- 

 pilose throughout; ligule 1 to IV2 I'ik's long, sparse; spikelets 1V4 lines long, 

 papillose-pubescent; autumnal form spreading, with geniculate nodes and 

 elongated arched interiiodes, rather sparingly branching from the middle 

 nodes. 



Meadows, Castle Crag (the only known locality). Hitchcock 3072. 

 Refs. — Panicum shastense Scribn. cSc Merr. V. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Circ. :<."i: 3. 

 1901. type from Castle Crag, Grcata in 1899. 



14, P. scribnerianum Nash. Vernal form erect, 1 to 2 feet high ; sheaths 

 papillose-hisjiid : ligule about V2 line long; l)lades 2 to 3 inches long, 3 to <i 

 lines wide, firm, rounded and ciliate at base, glabrous above, often i)ubescent 

 beneath; panicles 2 to 3 inches long; spikelets slightly over liA lines long, 

 turgid, blunt, sparsely hispid or nearly glabrous, strongly nerved; autuiniial 

 form branching from the middle and upper nodes, the branches longer than 

 the internodes, late in the season producing crowded branchlets with ascending, 

 not greatl.v reduced blades and small, partially indudiHl pjiniclcs from their 

 upper nodes. 



Dry prairies fi'om ]\Iaine to IMaryland west to the Pacific, common in liie 

 [Mississippi Valle.v, rare in California. (Jastle Crag, Hitchcock 3074. 



Refs. — Paxicum scribxerhnum Nasli, Bull. Torr. Club 22: 421. 1895. V. scopariiim | li.-iiii. 

 niisapplieil bv] Tlnirb. in Wats. Bot. <'nl. 2: 2ri(i. issii. 



8. ECHINOCHLOA Beauv. 

 Spikelets with 1 perfect flower, nearl.v sessile in 1 -sided spike-like ractemes. 

 Glumes une<pial. spiny-hispid, mucronate. Sterile lemma similar and awned 

 from the apex, or sometimes mucronate only, inclosing a hyaline palea and 

 sometimes a staminate Hower. l-i^ertile lemma and palea chartaceons, acumi- 

 nate, the margins of the former inrolled except at the sunniiit. the tip of the 

 palea not included. Coarse annuals with compressed sheaths, long leaves and 

 terminal panicles of stout racemes. — Species about 12. in the warm regions of 

 both hemispheres. (Greek eehiuos. a hedgehog, and chloa. grass.) 



Spikelets awned, the texture firm 1 . K. cnis/jdlli. 



Spikelets awnless, mucronate, the texture rather soft 2. E. coloiui. 



1. E. crusgalU Beanv. Barn-vard Grass. Culms stout, rather succulent, 

 branching from the base or erect, usuall.y 2 to 3 feet high, sometimes larger; 

 leaves glabrous; panicle dense, 4 to 10 inches long, consisting of several erect 

 or spreading, or even drooping rai-emes; spikelets green or purple, long-awned 

 or nearly awnless, about Itc, lines long, exclusive of awns, densel.v and irregu- 

 larly crowded in 3 or 4 rows. 



Fields and cultivated soil, especiall.v along irrigating ditches, ('oiiimon 

 throughout the U. S. A native of the Old World, some forms ap|)arently 

 native in America. 



Refs. — Echixochlo.v crusg.\lli Beauv. Ess. Agrost. US. 1812. I'lnnciiin riiisijuUi \,. Sp. 

 PI. .56. 175.3; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 260. 1880; Davv in .lepson. Fl. \V. Mi. I. Cal. ,31. 

 1901; Abrams, Fl. Los .\ng. 23. 1904, 



2. E. colona Link. Culms erect, spreading or prostrate. 1 to 2 feet, high; 

 leaves smooth; panicle of .5 to 10 dense racemes, 1/. to 1 inch long, rather dis- 

 tant, racemose along the axis; spikelets about lY^ lines long; glumes ;ind sterile 

 lemma pubescent, nuicronate-pointed. but not awned. 



Introduced from the Old World into the warmer i)arts of America. h'cport<Hl 

 from San Diego Co. by Tluu'ber. and fi'om Los Angeles and S,iiit,-i .\na l),\ 

 Abrams. 



