GRASS FAMILY 113 



what creeping base; panicles ellipsoidal or short-cylindrical; awn of glumes 

 1 line long, giving the head a bristly appearance. 



Common in mountain meadows, bogs and swamps, in the high Sierra Nevada, 

 and in the Coast Ranges as far south as Mendocino Co. ; also in the San Jacinto 

 Mts. Througliout the cooler regions of Eurasia and North America and extend- 

 ing soutli in the mountains to Mexico and South America. 



Eefs. — Phleum alpinum L. Sp. PI. 59. 1753; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 263. 1880; Davy 

 in JepsoD, PI. W. Mid. Cal. 40. 1901. 



19. ALOPECURUS L. 



Spikelets 1 -flowered, flattened, falling from the axis entire, in dense cj'lin- 

 drical spike-like panicles. Glumes equal, awnless, usually connate at base, cili- 

 ate on the keel. Lemma broad, obtuse, 5-iierved, about as long as glumes, 

 bearing a slender erect dorsal awn from beloM' the middle, the margins connate 

 near the base. Palea none. Slender annual or perennial, grasses, with flat 

 blades and soft panicles. — Species about 20, temperate regions, mostly the north- 

 ern hemisphere. (Greek alopex, fox, and oura, tail.) 



Spikelets l^A lines long; panicle oblong, 3 lines wide 1. ^^l. calif or nicu$. 



Spikelets 1 line long; panicle narrow, linear 2 liiifs wide 



Awn scarceh' protruding 2. A. arisiulatus. 



Awn protruding about 1 line 3' A. geniculatus. 



1. A. californicus Vasey. Culms 6 inches to 2 feet high; sheaths inflated; 

 panicles oblong, 1 to 2 inches long, about 3 lines wide; glumes 1^2 lines long; 

 lemma sparsely pilose on the sides, the awn exsertcd about 1^4 lines. 



Meadows and wet places, mostly in the Coast Ranges from "Willits (Davy 6556) 

 to San Diego (Braiidegee 3677) ; also in Pierced Co. (Congdon). Alaska to Mon- 

 tana and the mountains of Arizona. 



Refs. — ALOPECURUS californicus Vasey, Bull. Torr. Club 15: 13. 1SS8, type from Santa 

 I ruz, Anderson in 1887; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 41. 1901. A. pratensis [L. mis- 

 applied by] Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 263. TSSO. 



A. PRATENSIS L.. the cultivated Meadow Fox-tail, is reported by Davy 

 •Tepsoii, Fl. AV. Mid. Cal. 40. 1901) as being occasionally naturalized. It 

 ■resembles A. californicus but has larger spikelets, about 3 lines long. 



2. A. aristulatus ilichx. Culms erect or spreading, 6 inches to 2 feet 

 high: panicles narrow-cylindrical, 1 to 3 inches long, about 2 lines wide; 

 glumes 1 line long; awn of lemma short, scareel}'^ exserted. 



In water and wet places throughout the California mountains; common in 

 the cooler parts of North America. 



Refs. — ALOPECURUS abistul.atus Miehx. Fl. Bor. .\in. 1; 43. 1803; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. 

 <;il. 2: 263. 1880. A. (jeninilattis L. var. aristnlalits Torr. Fl. North. & Mid. U. S. 97. 1823; 

 Havy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 41. 1901. 



3. A. geniculatus L. Difi'ers from A. ari.stulatus in being more ov less 

 decumbent at base, and in having a longer- awn exserted about 1 line. 



In water and wet places, the cooler parts of America and Eurasia, rai-e in Cali- 

 fornia. San Diego, Abrams 3448. 



Refs.— ALOPECURUS geniculatus L. Sp. PI. (!0. 1753; Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 269. 

 1880; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 41. IPOl ; Abrams, Fl. Los Aug. 33. 1904. 



20. SPOROBOLUS R. Br. 



Spikelets 1-flowered, in narrow or o])en panicles. Glumes awnless, nearly 

 or quite nerveless, usually unequal. Lemma equaling or exceeding the glumes, 

 awnless. Pnlca equaling or exceeding the lemma. Grain readily falling from 

 the spikcli'l. the pericarp loosely enclosing the seed, often thin and evanescent. 



