172 GRAMINEAE 



2. B. secalinus L. <_'iieat. Chess. Culms eret-t, 1 to 2 feet high ; sheaths 

 smooth; paniele pj^ramidal. drooping, 3 to 5 inches long, open, the lower 

 branches 3 to 5, unequal ; spikelets ovoid-lanceolate, becoming somewhat later- 

 ally compressed and turgid in fruit, 5 to 9 lines long, 3 to 4 lines wide ; glumes 

 smooth, obtuse, the first 3 to 5-nerved, 2 to 3 lines long, the second 7-nerved, 

 3 to 31'^ lines long; lemmas 7-nerved, 3 to i lines long, elliptic, obtuse, smooth 

 or scabrous, the margin strongly involute in fruit, shortly bidentate at apex, 

 the undulate awn iisually ly^ to 2V2 lines loug; palea about as long as lemma. — 

 In fruit the turgid florets are somewhat distant so that, viewing the spikelet 

 sidewise, the light passes through the small openings at the base of each floret. 



A weed in grain fields and waste i^laees, more or less throughout the U. S., 



introduced from Europe. 



Locs. — Yreka, Butler 826; Modoc Co., Ball 4 Babcoclc 424(3; Dixie Valley, Vavy ; Hupa 

 Valley, Davy 5688; Chat, Davy; Yosemite Nat. Park, Ball # Bahcock 3398; Los Angeles. 



Ke'fs.— Bromus secalinus L. Sp. PI. 76. 1753; Thurb. iu Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 319. 1880; 

 Abrams, Fl. Los Ang. 53. 1904. 



3. B. commutatus Schrad. Reseml>ling B. secalinus; sheaths pilose with 

 short retrorse hairs; lemmas with an obtuse angle on the margin just above the 

 middle, the margin not as strongly inrolled in fruit as in B. secalinus, the awn 

 straight and rather longer. — In fruit the less turgid florets are imbricated, 

 leaving no spaces at the base of the florets as in B. secalinus. 



A weed in fields and waste places, Washington to California and Montana 

 and more sparingly in the Eastern States. Introduced from Europe. 



Locs. — Castle Crag, EHchcock 3067; Sherwood A^alley, Davy # Blasdale 5152; Ft. Bragg, 

 Davy 4- Blasdale 6112; Pt. Reyes, Davy 6762; Santa Barbara, Hitchcock 2579; San Ber- 

 nardino, Parish 2175. 



Eefs. — Bromus commutatus Schrad. Fl. Gt-rm. 353. 1806. B. racemosus [L. misapplied 

 by] Thurb. in Wats. Bot. Cal. 2: 320. 1880. 



i. B. hordeaceus L. Culms 8 inches to 2y2 feet high; sheaths retrorsely 

 softly pilose-pubescent ; blades usually pubescent ; panicle contracted, erect, 2 

 to 4 inches long, or. in depauperate plants, reduced to a few .spikelets; glumes 

 broad, obtuse, coarsely pilose or scabrous-pubescent, the first 3 to 5-nerved, 2 to 



3 lines long, the second 5 to 7-nerved, 3i/^ to 4 lines long; lemmas broad, ob- 

 tuse, 7-nerved. coarsely pilose or scabrous-pubescent, rather deeply bidentate, 



4 to 4I/2 lines long, the margin and apex hyaline; awn rather stout, 3 to 41/^ 

 lines long; palea about % as long as lemma . 



A weed in waste places and cultivated soil, abundant on the Pacific Coast, 

 occasional in the Eastern States, introduced from Europe. 



Var. leptostachys Beck. Differs in having glabrous, or only scabrous spike- 

 lets.— Waste places, Siskiyou Co. {Bufler 817) to Yosemite Valley {Bioletti 16) 

 and Stanford University {Rutfcr2). 



Refs. — Bromus hordeaceus L. Sp. PI. 77. 1753; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 71. 1901; 

 .Abraras, Fl. Los Ang. 53. 1904. Var. leptostachys Beck, Fl. NiederiJsterr. 109. 1890. Var. 

 glabrescens Shear, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 20. 1900; Davy in Jepson, Fl. W. 

 Mid. Cal. 72. 1901. 



5. B. japonicus Thuub. Culms erect or geniculate at base, ly^ to 2y2 feet 

 high; slieatlis and blades soft-pubescent; panicle 5 to 8 inches long, broadly 

 pyramidal, dift'use, somewhat drooping, the lower branches 3 to 5, slender; 

 glumes rather broad, the first narrower, acute, 3-nerved, 2 to 3 lines long, the 

 second obtuse, 5-nerved, 3 to 4 lines long; lemmas broad, obtuse, smooth, 

 9-nerved, the marginal pair faint, 3% to 4y> lines long, the hyaline margin 



