192 CYPERACEAE 



c-eoiis. Vo to '2 inches long: spikelets linear-oblong'. 11/2 to 3 lines long, in u 

 dense compound head or in close clusters on 2 or 'A short ( V4 to 1 inch long) 

 rays; rachis not winged; scales 7 to 9-nerved. with strongly recurved seta- 

 cecnis tips, chestnut-brown or greenish. % to 1 line long; achene 3-angled. 



San Jacinto Mts., Hall 2663 ; San Bernardino Valley. Parislt : Mohave River, 

 ace. Parish; Tehipite Valley, 4000 feet alt.. Hall d- Chandler 510; Yoseniite. 

 Bolandn- 6223; Hetch-Hetcliy. Jcpsoii 3479; Jackson. Hansen 643; Chico. 

 Greene. Copeland 3489; north to British Columbia and east to the Atlantic 

 States. South America, Africa. Asia, Australia. 



Refs, — ('VPERrs .\rist.\tus Rottb. Desc. Nov. PI. 22 (1773). C. infle.rm Muhl. Uraiii. Hi 

 (1S17). 



."). C. acuminatus Torr. & Hook. Annual ; stems slender, tufted, 5 to 12 

 inches high; leaves commonly le.ss than 1 line wide; bracts of the involucre 2 

 or 3, much elongated ; spikelets 3 or 4 lines long, capitate on the rays or the 

 whole iiitlorescenee congested and head-like; scales oblong, obscurely 3-nerved. 

 with a short recurved tip ; aeliene 3-angled, about i/o as long as scale. 



Round ileadow. Giant Forest, Grant 2436; Tulare Co., Congdon. ace. Brit- 

 ton; Oregon. Washington; Arizona east to Louisiana and Illinois. 



Refs.— Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. Ann. T^yc. X. V. .3:43.5 (1S36); Brittoii, Bull. 

 Torr. Club, 13:209 (1886). 



fi. C. virens Mich.x. Perennial; stems triangular. 1 to 3 feet high; involu- 

 cral bracts 4 to 6, very long and leafy, broad and strongly keeled; umbel coni- 

 piiiuid. or the spikes capitate on the rays, or the whole often much reduced 

 and subcapitate; spikelets numerous, many-tlowered, long-oblong, 4 to 8 lines 

 long; scales concave-carinate, serrvdate on back at apex, 1 line long; achene 

 3-angled. 



ilt. Shasta. Grant ; Chico, Copeland 3490; lone, Braunton 1012; Grand Island. 

 Jepson; Ilealdsburg, King; Berkeley, Waller 434; San Francisco, Biohtli; 

 Los Gatos, Heller 7487; Kings River, Lemnion; San Bernardino, ace. Parish. 

 East to North Carolina and south to Central America. 



Refs. — Cyperus vireks Miehx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:28 (1803); Wats. Bot. Cal. 2:214 (1880). 

 C. xernihitus Wats. Proe. Am. Acad. 17:382 (1882), type loe. Placer County, George Vase;/; 

 .lepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 84 (1901). 



7. C. erythrorhizos :\Iuhl. Annual ; stems 1 to l^i, feet high, .stout, tri- 

 angular; leaves tlat or conduplicate, 6 to 14 inches long. 2 to 3 lines wide; 

 involucral bracts 6 to 8. foliaceous. 4 to 12 inches long; rays li/i inches long 

 or less, liearing umbels of spikes which are V. to 1 inch long; bracts of 

 involucels shorter, foliaceous; spikelets usually 2 to 3 lines long, narrowly 

 linear, somewhat crowded, horizontally spreading, nearly tlat. bright chestnut - 

 color; rachis clothed with the persistent wings of the scales; scales elliptical, 

 obtuse, mucronulate, % line long; keel smooth; achene 3-angled. 



Clear Lake. Bolander 2631; Sacramento and San Joa(iuin valleys along the 

 main rivers. Ea.st to the Atlantic States. 



Refs. — Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Gram. 20 (1817); Wats. Hot. Cal. 2:21o (1880); 

 Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 8.5 (1901). 



8. C. sphacelatus Rottb. Annual, similar in habit to the next; stems 

 tufted, slendci-, 4 to 10 inches high; leaves 1 to 2Vl> lines wide, shorter than 

 tlie stems; spikelets numerous, densely short-spicale. linear. 1 line wide; radiis 

 at length wingless, the narrow wings early deciduous; scales oblong-lanceo- 

 late, purple-green, several nerved. 1 line long; achenes nearly black. 3-angled, 

 Vi; as long as scale. 



.iKPSdN. Kl. V-a\. vol. 1. |ip. 1'.»'-1;l'. AiM-il :;». l'.ir->. 



