SEDGE FAMII^Y 193 



Southern California. Mexico, tropical America. 



Locs. — San Bernardino Mts., ace. Parish; Koek Creek, ace. Parish; Elsinore Lake, aec. 

 Parish. 



Refs. — CyPERUS SPHACELATU.s Rottb. Dese. & le. 2i) (1773). C. parish ii Brittou; Parish, 

 Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 3:52, pi. 3 (1904), type from San Bernardino, Parish 3816. 



9. C. esculentus L. Chup.v. Ni;t-grass. Perennial, with slender rootstocks 

 bearing small globose tubers ; stems triangular, % to 1 foot high ; spikes in an 

 umbel subtended by foliaceous bracts 7 inches long or less; spikelets chestnut- 

 brown, linear, 4 to 8 inches long, the joints of the rachis with a narrow wing on 

 each side subtending the achene ; scales ovate, obtuse, 3 or 4 nerves each side of 

 the keel, ly^ lines long; achene black, 3-angled. 



Infrequent but widely scattered in California. East to the Atlantic. All 

 continents. 



Locs.— Los Angeles, Braunton 630, 671, 723; Colton, FarUih 2227; Yoscmite, Jepson 8366 

 (spikelets subcapitate) ; lone, Braunton 1175; Clovcrdale, Brush. Var. heermannii Britton; 

 spikes clustered at summit of rays and involucellate; spikelets sometimes braeteate. — Southern 

 Sierra Nevada (Bot. Cal. 2:215). 



Refs. — Cyperus esculentus L. Sp. PI. 45 (1753), tvpe loc. Montpellier, France; Clarke, 

 Jour. Linn. Soc. 21:178 (1884); McAtee. U. S. D. A. Bull. 58:8. figs. 8-10 (1914). Var. 

 HEERMAN-NII Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 13:211 (1886). C. phi/mtitodcs Mulil. Gram. 23 (1817) ; 

 Wats. Bot. Cal. 2:215 (1880). Var. heermannii Wats. I.e. C. heermannii Buckley, Proc. Phila. 

 Acad. 1862:10 (1863), type from Kern River, Heermann. 



10. C. strigosus L. Perennial; stems 1 to l^^ feet high; spikes dense, 1/2 to 



1 inch long, on rays 5 inches long or less, in a more or less compound umbel, the 

 foliaceous involucral bracts 2 to 10 inches long; spikes with the lowest scales per- 

 sistent on rachis after fall of spikelet from spike-; spikelets linear, 6 to 9-flowered, 

 4 to 9 lines long, the slender joints with a searious wing embracing one margin 

 of the aehcne; scales slender ovate, 2 (or 3) callous striae on each side the keel, 



2 lines long ; achene oblong, 3-angled. 



Sierra Nevada. Texas to Florida and Maine. 



Loc. — Mormon Bar, Mariposa Co., Congdon. 



Refs. — C\TERUS STRifiOSUS L. Sp. PI. 47 (1753), Jamaica, Virginia. C. stcnolcpis Wats. 

 Bot. Cal. 2:215 (1880), not Torr. 



11. C. speciosus Vahl. Annual ; stem stout, 1 foot high ; umbel compound 

 or simple, subtended by several foliaceous bracts 5 to 13 inches long ; rays 1 to 2 

 inches long ; spikelets linear-lanceolate, 3 to 6 lines long, spreading at mostly 

 right angles to the spike, the very short joints of its rachis winged with very 

 broad searious margins which enclose the 3-angled achene ; scales ovate, over- 

 lapping, with a round green back and searious rusty red sides, 11/2 lines long. 



Upper San Joacpiin Valley; Southern California. East to the Atlantic. 

 Tropical regions. 



Locs. — Visalia, Congdon; San Bernardino, Parish 3819, 6432; Los Angeles River, Braun- 

 ton 578. 



Refs. — Cypekus speciosus Vahl, Enum. 2:364 (1806), type loc. Va.; Parish, Bull. S. Cal. 

 Acad. 3:54 (1904). C. michauxianus Schult. Mant. 2:123 (1824); Wats. Bot. Cal. 2:215 

 (1880). 



12. C. ferax Rich. Annual, closely related to C. speciosus, but leaves shorter, 

 broader and witli smoother margins ; scales more rigid ; spikelets .stouter. 



Common in Southern California. East to Missouri ; widely distributed in 

 Tropical America. 



Locs. — San Bernardino, ace. Parish; Elsinore, ace. Parish. 



Refs. — Cyperus ferax Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1:106 (1792). C. longispicatus 

 Norton, Trans. Acad. St. Louis 12:37, pi. 5 (1902), type loc. San Antonio, Tex., B. F. Bush 

 1248; Parish, Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 3:.54 (1904). 



