LILY FAMILY 289 



Locs. — In June 1918 Brodiaea californica was found ou Poor Man's Flat near Windsor, 

 Sonoma Co. (Jcpson 7654, 7621), a rolling clay plain thinly covered with Quercus douglasii. 

 The plants grew in moist swales, a few scattered individuals also occurring on the dry flats. 

 The perianth-segments were erect, the staminodia (quite to their tips) wholly and closely 

 investing the anthers. Saving for these somewhat immaterial points the Windsor specimens 

 represent B. californica Lindl., since they agree so well with the original diagnosis and figure. 

 The Windsor plants also undoubtedly represent, and are probably typical of, Hool'cra Icptandra 

 Greene which we have not been aljle thus far to rediscover at Calistoga, the type locality 

 (although possibly it may have been exterminated by cultivation). A few specimens of the 

 plants from Windsor, at once recognized as representing a clearly distinct species, were dis- 

 tributed as Brodiaea leptandra Jepson, before their identity with B. californica was determined. 



While B. californica may well have been re-collected in the Sacramento Valley since Hart- 

 weg obtained the type specimen in 1845, we have no records to that effect. It would rather 

 seem from the internal evidence that Greene had no specimens of this species before him when 

 writing his diagnosis of Hookera californica in "Genera Confused under Brodiaea" (Bull. Cal. 

 Acad. 2:1.36, — 1889), a suggestion that is strengthened by the fact that he published the species 

 later as new under the name Hookera leptandra. 



Eefs. — Brodl\ea californica Lindl. Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. 4:84, fig. (1849), type loc. 

 nw. Butte Co. (probably near the present settlement of Caiia), HarUvrg 328; cf. Hartweg, 

 Jour. Hort. Soc. Lond. 3:221. Hookera leptandra Greene, Pitt. 1:74 (1887), type loc. Calistoga, 

 Farry. 



16. B. capitata Benth. Blue Dicks. (Fig. 50i, j.) Scape erect, i^ to I14 

 (or 2) feet high, ending in a head-like umbel of 4 to 10 flowers, with about 4 

 dark pnr]ile or metallic bracts; flowers blue, 5 to S lines long; perianth-segments 

 elliptic-ovate, obtuse, a little longer than the tube ; stamens with anthers 6 ; fila- 

 ments opposite the inner perianth-segments with a broad membranous wing 

 extended beyond the anthers as two lanceolate appendages; stamens oi)posite 

 outer perianth-segments with filaments dilated toward the base only, their anthers 

 less than XU the size of those of the other set ; appendages convergent or connivent, 

 forming a corona and more or less concealing the anthers. 



Very connuon on hillsides and plains through the Coast Ranges. Great Valley, 

 Sierra Nevada foothills and Southern California. Not in the higher mountains, 

 and rare in or absent from the deserts. Southern Oregon, Arizona, Lower 

 California. 



In height, size of heads and shade of blue, it is variable, but the variations are of slight 

 taxonomic importance. "Next to Eschscholtzia, Brodiaea capitata is the universal flower of 

 the State. ' ' — Edw. R. Barnard, Chancellor of Salisbury Cathedral, England. Also called 

 Cluster Lily and Spanish Lily, Wild Hyacinth (San Bernardino), Nigger-toes (Tulare Co. "1. 

 Indian Lily and Nigger-babies (Alameda Co.), Sugar-lump (Sonoma Co.), Pigtails and Indian 

 Head (Lake Co.), and Coquinito (Tuhunga). 



Biol. Note. — In this species there are three different modes of eorm reproduction or 

 rejuvenation. — A new corm regularly develops on top of the old corm at the base of the scape, 

 and replaces the old corm which gradually becomes reduced to a thin fibrous layer (this habit 

 probably occurs in other species of the section or genus). From the base of the corm bulblets 

 are produced in considerable numbers on rather short slender offsets. Further, a corm 

 early in the season (Feb.) often produces beneath, vertically or laterally, a fleshy fusiform 

 structure which gives rise to a new and thus more deeply seated corm. 



Locs. — Yreka, Butler; Kneeland Prairie, Tracy 2674; Buck Mt. (base to the summit, 

 5500 ft.), Tracy: Calistoga, Jepson; St. Helena, Jepson; Vaeaville, Jepson 5302; Mt. Tamal- 

 pais, Jepson 7560 ; Berkeley, Jepson ; Monterey and Jolon aec. Eastwood ; Pine Ridge, Fresno 

 Co., Ball <f- Chandler 99; Lloyd Mdw., Kern River, Jepson 4894; Rowen, Tehachapi Range, 

 Jepson 6728; Panamint Mts., Jepson 6989; Manzana, Antelope Valley, Davy; Santa Monica, 

 Barber; Arroyo Seeo, Peirson 7; Mt. San Jacinto, Jepson 1299a; Santa Ana, Alice King; 

 La Mesa, San Diego Co., Jepson 6685. 



Refs. — Brodiaea capitata Benth. PI. Hartweg. 339 (1857), type loc, woods near Monterev, 

 Sartireij 58; Cov. Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 4:203 (1893); Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. ed. 2, 

 101 (1911). Hookera capitata Ktze. Rev. Gen. 2:712 (1891); Jepson, I.e. ed. 1, 117 (1901). 

 Dipterostemon eapitatus Rydb. Bull. Torr. Club, 39:111 (1912). 



17. B. pulchella Greene. Ookow. (Pig. 50k, I.) Scape 2 to '31', (or even 

 5) feet high, often flexuous ; umbel appearing capitate but really short-racemose, 

 6 to 16-flowered, subtended by 3 to 5 ovate subacuminate bracts; flowers lavender- 

 purple or blue-purple, 7 to 8 lines long, in a dense head; perianth-segments 



