290 LILIACEAE 



spreading, oblong, shorter or longer than the tube, which is slightly constricted 

 at apex; anthers 3, sessile; staminodia petaloid, deeply cleft, surpassing the 

 anthers, commonly bearing a short wholly sterile filament in the notch. 



Open hills in the Coast Ranges, Alameda Co. to Humboldt Co., thence easterl.y 

 to .Shasta Co. Far north to Washington. Common iu Humboldt Co., mostly 

 infrequent iu Alameda Co. Flowers later than B. eapitata. 



Biol. Note. — The three anthers are very flat and converge or approximate around the 

 style by tlieir edges. The cleft staminode is revolute so as to form a cylinder or tube, with 

 the cylinder open on the inside in such a way as to receive the dehiscing edges of a pair of 

 anthers. These tubes, into which the pollen is shed, form the only entrances to the nectarial 

 portion of the tube, so that these structures seem like insect adaptations. We have never 

 observed insects visit this species, although they doubtless do. 



Locs. — Alderney, Marin Co., Jcpson 8277 ; Bolinas Road near Manzanita, A. L. Grant 

 1210; Berkeley Hills, Jepson; Mt. Diablo, Jepson 7603; Vacaville, Jepson 679(3; St. Helena, 

 Jepson; Hubbard's Sta., Humboldt Co., Davy 5430; Van Duzen River Valley, Tracy 2773; 

 Fall River Sprs., Shasta Co., Eall # Babcock 4192. 



Refs. — Brodiaea pui.chella Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. 2:133 (1886). BooTcera pulchella 

 Salisb. Parad. Lond. under pL 98 (1806), type from Cal., Mcnzics. DicJwlostemma pulchdlum 

 Heller, Muhl. 1:132 (1906). Brodiaea confjrsta Smith, Trans. Linn. Soc. 10:3, t. 1 (1811), 

 type loc. Vancouver Isl., Mcnzics; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. ed. 2, 101 (1911). Hoolera con- 

 gesta Jepson I.e. ed. 1, 116 (1901). Dipterostemoii pulehellus Rvdb. Bull. Torr. Club 39:111 

 (1912). 



18. B. multiflora Benth. Scape 8 to 24 inches high, somewhat scabrous; 

 umbel capitate, not produced, 8 to 24-flowered ; flowers light purple ; perianth- 

 tube constricted upwards; staminodia entire, broad, obtuse, involute-cylindric, 

 equaling or exceeding the anthers; stamens 3, rarely 6 in retarded flowers. 



Sierra Nevada foothills, 500 to 3500 feet, Mariposa Co. north to Shasta Co., 

 thence southerly- iu the Coast Ranges to Humboldt Co. Oregon. June. 



Biol. Note. — The anthers converge or approximate in the center around the style. Tlie 

 staminodia are involute-tubular and thus make 3 cylindric passages leading down into the 

 corolla tube, but formed in such a way as to leave a slit on the inner side; into this slit the 

 edge of each pair of contiguous anthers project and dehisce. 



Loes. — Hazel Green, Mariposa Co., Jepson.; Crockers, Big Oak Flat road, Jepson 8348; 

 Confidence, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 7713 ; Italian Bar, Tuolumne Co., Jepson 6387 ; Avery Sta., 

 Calaveras Co., A. L. Grant; Blue Canon, Placer Co., Harriet Walker 1276; Quincy, Jepson 

 4146; Bear Valley, Nevada Co., Jepson; Dixey Mts., Lassen Co., Baker <j- Nuitinff; Redding, 

 Heller 7862; Yreka, Butler 1361; Cbico, S. M. Austin 37; Rosewood, w. Tehama Co., Jepson; 

 Hupa, Cliandler 1310. 



Refs. — Brodiaea MUXTirLORA Benth. PI. Hartw. 339 (18o7), i\-pe loc. Sacramento Valley, 

 Hartweg 274: Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5989 (1872) ; Purdy, Zoe, 1:101 "(1890). Hookera multiflora 

 Britten, Jour. Bot. 24:51 (1886). Dichelostemma nmltifiorum Heller, Muhl. 2:15 (1905). 



19. B. volubilis Baker. Snake Lily. Twining Brodiaea. (Fig. 50m-o.) 

 Scape roughish, 2 or 3 feet high and lax, or twining over bushes and attaining 

 a height of 7 or 8 feet ; leaves 1 or li {_> to 214 feet long, 4 to 6 lines broad, carinate ; 

 umbel short and dense, 18 to 30-flowered ; pedicels V2 to 1 inch long; ]3erianth 

 rose-red or pinkish, 6 to S lines long; tube 3 to 4 lines long and broad, 6-angled, 

 the angles produced into sacs somewhat above the middle ; segments rotate, their 

 tips recurved ; stamens 3, inserted on the throat oppoi5ite the inner segments, their 

 filaments short, with lanceolate appendages nearly or quite as long as the anthers ; 

 staminodia 3, opposite the outer segments, ligulate, emarginate. 



Mostly open-brush slopes: Sierra Nevada foothills, Butte Co. to Tulare Co., 

 500 to 2500 feet ; inner north Coast Range. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada: Berry Caiion, se. of Chico, Heller 5499; Auburn, Sonne 12; New 

 York Ravine, Eldorado Co., K. Brandegee; Vallecito, Calaveras Co., A. L. Graiit; Columbia, 

 Jepson 6345; Wawona, Jepson 8385; Pine Ridge, Fresno Co., Eall ^ Cluindler 80; Kaweah 

 River, Hopping 25. Inner North Coast Range: Gates Caiion, Vaca Mt.s., Jepson 555; Napa 

 Valley; Zeni Zem, ne. Napa Co., Jepson 9048; Kelseyville ace. Eastwood. 



Befs. — Brodiaea volubilis Baker, Jour. Linn. Soc. 11:377 (1871); Curran, Bull. Cal. 

 Acad. 1:149 (1885); Greene, Bull. Cal. Acad. 2:130 (1886). Macroscapa volubilis Kell. 



