LILY FAMILY 319 



Kamtchatca. Maianthemum bifolium DC. var. dilatatum Wood, Proe. Acad. Phila. 20:174 

 (18G8). Vnifolium dilatatum Howell, PI. N.W. Am. 657 (1902). JJ. bifolium var. l-arnt- 

 sohalicum Piper, Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11:200 (1906). 



28. CLINTONIA Raf. 



Stem from a creeping rootstoek and bearing at or from beneath the ground 

 a few broad leaves and a scape-like peduncle. Flowers few to many in a terminal 

 umbel or with 1 to several small supplementary clusters scattered along the 

 peduncle. Perianth resembling a very small lily flower, campanulate, of 6 dis- 

 tinct deciduous segments. Stamens 6, with filiform filaments, inserted on the 

 base of the segments ; anthers fixed just above the base, extrorse. Ovary 2 or 

 3-celled ; ovules 2 or 3 in each cell ; style slender, slightly 2 or 3-lobed, deciduous. 

 Fruit a smooth ovoid (in ours blue) berry. — Six species. North America and 

 Asia. (De Witt Clinton, 1769-1828, naturalist, several times governor of New 

 York.) 



Peduncles much exceeding the leaves; flowers in an umbel 1. C. andrewsiana. 



Peduncles shorter than the leaves; flowers solitary 2. C. uniflora. 



1. C. andrewsiana Torr. Leaves commonly 5, sometimes 6, narrowly or 

 broadly elliptic, rather abruptly short-pointed, 7 to 13 inches long, 2 to 4:^2 inches 

 broad ; i)eduucle 15 to 20 inches high, bearing a terminal umbel of many flowers 

 and with 2 to 4 supplementary clusters borne laterally, the lateral clusters 1 to 

 9-flowered or rarely none ; flowers 5 to 8 lines long, rose-red or pink ; filaments 

 slightly pubescent below the middle. 



Shady woods near the coast: Monterey Co. north to Humboldt Co. The 

 berries suggest small-sized old-fashioned bluing balls. 



Loes. — Santa Lucia Mts., Vortricde; Carmel Highlands ace. Aiison Blake; Redwood Peak, 

 ace. Vocia PutrJwtt ; Bolinas Ridge, Clicsintt ^- Drew; Redwood Caiion, Marin Co., Tidcstrom; 

 Duncan Mills, M. S. Baker; Ft. Bragg, TV. C. Mathnvs 31; Westport, Mendocino Co., Jcpson; 

 Pepperwood, Jcpson; between Ryan's Slough and Freshwater Creek, Tracy 4473. 



Rcfs. — Clintonia andrewsiana Torr. Pac. R. Rep. 4:150 (1857), type loc. Mt. Tamal- 

 pais, Bigeluw; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 125 (1901). 



2. C. uniflora Kunth. Beide's Bonnet. Leaves 2 or 3, oblong to narrowly 

 elliptic, 4 to G inches long, including the short petiole-like base, and % to 2 inches 

 wide, acute ; peduncle 1-flowered, shorter than the leaves, commonly with 1 or 2 

 small bracts ; flowers white, 9 to 11 lines long ; perianth-segments 6 to 8-nerved, 

 much longer than the stamens. 



Coniferous forests. Sierra Nevada, 3500 to 6000 feet, at scattered stations 

 from Tulare (Jo. north to La.ssen Co. ; thence westerly to Siskiyou and Humboldt 

 COS. North to British Columbia. 



Loes. — Marble Fork, Kaweah River, Sopping; Merced Grove, Jepson; Calaveras Big Trees, 

 Brewer 2095; Quiney, E. M. Austin; Woolev Creek, \v. Siskiyou Co., Butler 98; Union Creek, 

 Sahnon Mts., Hall 8564; Trinity Summit, P.'E. Goddard; Buck Mt., Humboldt Co., Tracy 2733. 



Refs. — Clinto.mia uniflora Kunth, Enum. PI. 5:159 (1850). Smilacina borealis var. 

 uniflora Schult.; Roem. & Schult. Syst. 7:307 (1829), type from the North-west Coast, Mcnzies. 

 S. uniflora Menzies; Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 2:175, t. 99 (1839). 



29. SCOLIOPUS Torr. 



Stem very sliort, subterranean, bearing a pair of broad leaves and an umbel 

 of greenish purple flowers, the peduncle almost obsolete, the sharply angular 

 pedicels (which look like scapes) alone appearing above ground. Perianth- 

 segments narrow. Stamens 3, opposite tlie sepals, short, with greenish extrorse 

 anthers. Ovary triquetrous, 1-celled ; style short, its 3 long branches abruptly 

 spreading horizontally, often recurving at tip. Capsule with a membranous wall 

 which bursts irregularly. — Species 2. California and Oregon. (Greek skolios, 

 crooked, and pons, foot, in allusion to the tortuous pedicels.) 



