328 ORCHIDACEAE 



Leaves foliaceous, i.e. the plants with green herbage. 



Flowers solitary or several, showy; lip large and sac-like. 



Leaves 2 to many, cauline; sepais and petals bro\vn or greenish-yellow....!. Cypripedium. 



Leaf 1, basal; sepals and petals rose-purple _ 2. Cythere.\. 



Flowers many, spicate or racemose; lip various, but not saccate (except in no. 5). 



Perianth with a spur 3. Habenaria. 



Perianth spiirless. 

 Flowers in a spike. 



Spike dense and twisted; leaves uniformlj' green 4. Spiranthes. 



Spike more slender; leaves with white or light-colored markings 5. Peramium. 



Flowers in a raceme. 



Leaves many; flowers % inch long or more; bracts conspicuous, foliaceous 



6. Epipactis. 



Leaves 2; flowers less than % inch long; bracts small 7. Listera. 



Leaves reduced and scale-like, the whole plant destitute of green herbage. 



Plants white; perianth not gibbous or spurred; lip with saccate base and broad wing-like 



margins above 8. Cephalanthera. 



Plants reddish-brown or purple, rarely yellow; perianth gibbous over the ovary or spurred; 

 lip without saccate base 9. Corallorrhiza. 



1. CYPRIPEDroM L. L.vdy's Slipper 

 Stems leafy, rough-pubescent, from tufted fibrous roots. Leaves 2 to many, 

 large. Flowers few or solitary, large and showy, leafy braeted. Sepals spread- 

 ing, in ours seeming as if only 2. the lateral completely or almost completely 

 united into one under the lip, which is an inflated sac with the incurved margin 

 auricled near the base. Column very short, incurved, terminating in a disk-like 

 stigma. Fertile anthers 2, on short filaments, one on each side of the column 

 below the stigma ; sterile anther conspicuous, roundisli or ovate, situated on the 

 upper .side and over-arching the stigma. — Species 28. North America and Asia. 

 (Latin Gypris, Venus, and pes, a foot, the saccate lip a fit buskin for the god- 

 dess.") 

 Stem with several alternate leaves, 1 to 2 feet high. 



Petals linear-lanceolate, 1% to 2 inches long 1. C. montanum. 



Petals oblong, 6 to 7 lines long 2. C. californicwm. 



Stem wrth 2 opposite leaves, 2 to 10 inches high; sepals and petals lanceolate, 6 to 12 lines 

 long 3. C. fasciculatum. 



1. C. montanum Dougl. Stem 1 to 2 feet high, rough-pubescent with short 

 glandular hairs ; leaves elliptic- to narrowly-ovate, the largest 5 or 6 inches long 

 and 3 inches broad ; flowers 1 to 3, shortly pediceled ; sepals and wavy-twisted 

 petals usually dark brown, linear-lanceolate, IT; 2 to 21/2 inches long; lower sepals 

 united almost to the apex, only the lanceolate-subulate tips free; lip 1 inch long, 

 dull white, veined with purple ; sterile anther ovate, 4 lines long, on a slender 

 filament: capsule erect or nearly so. oblong, 10 lines long. 



Dense woods: Coast Ranges from the Santa C'ruz Mts. to Siskiyou Co., thence 

 southeasterly in the Sierra Nevada to Mariposa Co. Far north to Washington 

 and Idaho. 



Loes. — Santa Cruz Mts., ace. Anderson; Ukiah, BJasdale; Sherwood Vallev, Blasdalr 1047; 

 Hupa. Manning l(i; Wcaverville, Yates 311; Goosenest Mt., Butler l.TSfi; Forestdale. Modoc 

 Co., M. S. Baicr; Butterfly Valley, Plumas Co., E. M. Austin 197; Grouse Creek, Yosemite, 

 Jepson 4287. 



Eefs. — Cypripedium montanum Dougl.; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. 528 (1840), type loc. 

 northwest America, Douf/las; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 131 (1901) ; Anderson, Nat. Hist. Santa 

 Cruz Co. 43 (1893). 



2. C. californicum Gray. Stem stout, rough-pubescent, 1 to 2 feet high ; 

 leaves ovate-lanceolate (or ovate), acute or acuminate, 3 to 6 inches long, the 

 upper lanceolate and gradually reduced to foliaceous bracts of the long loose 

 raceme; flowers 1 to 6, short-pedicelled, greenish-yellow; sepals ovate, acute, 6 

 to 8 lines long, the two lower united to the apex, equaling the oblong-linear 

 acutish petals; lip obovoid. white or light rose-color, veined with purple, 8 to 

 10 lines long, pubescent within at the base ; sterile anther rounded and arching, 



