LiNDLEY.] NATURAL SYSTEMS. xlix 



in distinct flowers, and others hermaphrodite flowers. As we know of no character 

 intimately connected with the reproduction of the species which is upon the whole so 

 important as this, a Diclinous group was established, as had formerly been done by 



Jussieu. The hermaphrodite Orders were then separated into those with the calvx 



corolla, and stamens confluent at the base with each other and with the ovary, that* is, 

 having an inferior ovary, and those in which those parts are distinct, either altogether 



or at least from each other, the former constituting an Epigynous group. Finally, 



the remainder of the Orders were divided into those with a monopetalous corolla com- 

 bined with an ovary upon a binary plan (Dicarpous), and those which, if monopetalous, 

 have the ovary simple or complex (Polycarpous). 



The follo\\ing table will put this m a clearer point of view: — 



Albumen extremely abundant ; embryo minute 1. Albuminos.e. 



Albumen absent, or in small quantity. 

 Sexes in the same flower. 



Ovary inferior 2. Epigynos^. 



Ovary superior. 

 Flowers, if monopetalous, not with a dicarpous ovary . . . 3. PoLvcARPOsiE. 



Flowers monopetalous, with a dicarpous ovary 4. Dicarfos^. 



Sexes in different flowers 5. Diclixos^. 



Each of these groups would form a series by itself, the sequence of which ought to be 

 natm'al, and to exhibit various lateral analogies with other groups. And thus the three 

 Monopetalous, Apetalous, and Polypetalous di^^sions were exchanged for five others 

 founded upon totally different principles. It will be seen that this scheme has been 

 partly adopted in the present volume, 



1838. Perleb, C. J. — (Clavis Classium ordinuni et familiarum, atque Index generwn 



regni vegetabilis. 



This author admits nine Classes, each of which is subdivided into 48 Orders, 

 which are themselves the equivalents of Alliances, and under these are arranged 330 

 Natiu'al Orders, which he calls Families. Professor Perleb states that most of the 

 Alliances employed in this book were proposed by him in his work entitled Lehrbuch der 

 Naturgeschichte des Pfianzenreichs, published in 1 826, which I have not seen. 



The Claris deserves to be studied. The AlUances are often well constructed, but not 

 having the genera arranged xmder them, they are extremely troublesome to use ; and 

 this is no doubt the reason why the work has attracted so little notice among Botanists. 

 Sh' Edward Bromhead has analysed it {Mag. of Nat. Hist., new series, 1840, p. 329), 

 and speaks of it as "a work of very great value." Professor Perleb's Classes are the 

 following : — 



Cellulares or Oeafless (usually with a thallus ; fruit imperfect , . I. Protopkyta. 

 Acotyledons \leafy; fruit perfect, capsular II. Muscos.^. 



/Endogensor fcryptogamous III. Filicin^. 



Monocotyledons (.phanerogamous IV. Ternari^. 



i /perianth simple, often incomplete, sometimes V. Monochlam-jee^. 



r Corolla hj'pogynous .... "VI. Thalamanth^. 

 Corolla monopetalous < 



(. Corolla perigynous VII. Caly-can'th.i:. 



3 g 





f petals perigynous VIII. Calycopetalje. 



Corolla pleiopetalous 



( petals hypogynous IX. Thalamopetal.e. 



1839. LiNDLEY, John. — (Botanical Register', p. 77, Miscellaneous Matter.) 

 On this occasion the author directed his attention to an extension of the primary 

 Classes of plants, which he proposed to raise to 8, in the following manner : — 



State I. Sexual or Flowering Plants. 



(rurlonpns (^^^^^ ^- Exogens. 



Division 1. Exogens. )^2/cwgens. ^^lass II. Gymnogens. 



( Class III. Itomogens. 



?<?-.o«^«,/>/,^^<. f Class IV. Dictyogens. 



^. . . „ ^ ^ \Spermogens. (^lass V. Endogens. 



Division 2. Endogens. H^ ^^lags VI. Sporo|ens. 



( [lihizanths.) 



State II. Esexual or Flowerless Plants. 



TV. . . o * „ ("Class VII. Cormogens. 



Division 3. Acrogens. - (class VIII. ThaUogens. 



To what extent these views can bo sustained will be discovered in the present volume. 



