LiNDLEY] NATURAL SYSTEMS. 



stem repeatedly branched, jointed. Leaves'! 

 sixnxile, net-veined. Membrane next the »,. y-, , t ■ . „. 



nucleus tubular, protruded. Anthers l-C^^' Gn<^taccie, or Joint Firs, p. 2S-2 

 celled, opening by pores J 



Class VII. EXOGENS. 



Alliances of Exogexs. 

 Sub-Class I. DICLINOUS EXOGENS, 



Flowers <? ? , without any customary tendency to . 



18. A.MENTALES. — Flowcrs ill catkins, achlamydeous or monochlamydeous ; carpels superior; embryo 



small, with little or no albumen. 



19. Urticales. — Flowers scattered, monochlamydeous ; carpel single, superior ; embryo large, lying in 



a small quantity of albumen. 



20. Ei'PHORBLALES. — Flowcrs scattered, mo-nodichlamydeous ; carpels consolidated, superior ; placentce 



axile ; embryo surrounded by abundant aU)umen. (Albumen occasionally absent) . 



21. QuERNALES. — Floivers in catkins, monochlamydeous ; carpels inferior ; embryo amygdaloid, without 



albumen. 



22. Garryales. — Flowers monochlamydeous, sonnetimes amentaceous ; carpels inferior ; embryo minute, 



in a large quantity of albumen. 



23. Mbnisphrmales.— Flowers monodichlamydeous ; carpels supe^-ior, disunited ; embryo surrounded by 



abundant albumen. 



24. CucuRBiTALEs. — FloiL'crs mojiodicMamydeous ; carpels inferior ; placentce parietal ; embryo withfmt 



albumen. 



25. Papa YALES.— /Towers dichlamydeous ; carpels superior, consolidated ; placentce parietal ; embryo 



surrounded by abundant albumen. 



Siib-Class II. HYPOGYNOUS EXOGENS. 



Flowers P , or (J P ? ; stamens entirely free from the calj-x and corolla. 



26. VjohALES.— Flowers monodichlamydeous , placentce parietal orsutural; embryo straight, with little 



or no albumen. 



27. CisTALES. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; placentce pa)-ietal or sutural ; embryo curved or spiral, 



with little or no albumen. 



28. Mal VALES. — Flowers monodichlamydeous; placentcB axile; calyx valvate in cestivation ; corolla 



imbricated or twisted ; stamens definite or 00 ; embryo with little or no albumen. 



29. Sapindales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous, unsymmetrical ; placentce axile; calyx and corolla 



imbricated; stamens definite; embryo xvith little or no albumen. (Stamens 

 rarely Ofl). 



30. Guttiferales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous; placentce axUe ; calyx imbricated; corolla imbri- 



cated or twisted; stamens 00; embryo with little or no albumen, (Stamens 

 sometimes definite in number}. 



31. Nymphales, — Flowers dichlamydeous ; placentce axile or sutural ; stamens 00; embryo on the out- 



side of a very large quantity of mealy albumen. (A part haw no albumen). 



32. Ranales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; placentce sutural or axile ; stamens 00 ; embryo minute, 



inclosed in a large quantity of fleshy or horny albumen. 



33. Berberales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous, unsymmetrical in the ovai-y ; placentce sutural, parietal, 



or axile; stamens definite; embryo inclosed in a large quantity of fieshy albu- 

 men. 



34. Ericales. — Flowers dichlamydeous, symmetrical in the ovary; placentce. axile; stamens definite; 



embryo inclosed in a large quantity of fleshy albumen. (Stamens occasionally 

 adherent to the corolla). 



35. Rutales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous, symmetrical ; placentce axile ; calyx and corolla imbricated, 



if present; stamens definite ; embryo with little or no albumen. (OccasionaUu 



36. Gkrantales.— JTou-'ers monodichlamydeous, symmetrical; placentce axile; calyx imbt^icated; co- 



rolla twisted ; stamens definite ; embryo with little or no albumen. 



37. SiLENALES. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; placenta free, central ; embryo external, curved round a 



little mealy albumen ; carpels more than one, completely combined into a com- 

 pound fruit. (Some slightly perigynous, others ^ 9 |. 

 .38. Chenopodales. — Flowers monochlamydeous ; placentce free, central; embryo external, either curved 

 round or applied to the surface of a little mealy or horny albumen ; carpels soli- 

 tary, or, if more than one, distinct. (Some slightly perigytwus, others ^ ;. 



39. Piperales. — Flowers achlamydeous ; embryo minute, on the outside of a large quantity of mealg 



albumen. {Occasionally (J 2 )• 



Sub-Class III. PERIGYNOUS EXOGENS. 



Flowers ^ , or <? p ? ; stamens growing to the side of either the calj-x or the corolla ; ovary 

 superior, or nearly so. 



40. TicoiDALES.— Flowers monodichlamydeous ; placentce central or axUe ; corolla, if present, polypeta- 



lous ; embryo extenxal, and curved round a small quantity of mealy albumen. 



41. T> APHjj ALES.— Floicers mo7iochlamydeous ; carpel solitary ; embryo amygdaloid, without albumen. 



42. Rosales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous; carpels more or less distinct: placent<e sutural; seeds 



definite ; coroUa, if present, polypetalous ; embryo amygdaloid, with little or 

 no albumen. 



43. Saxikragales.— J7owers monodichlamydeous; carpels consolidated; placentce sutural or axile; 



seeds 00; corolla, if present, polypetalous ; embryo taper, with along radicle, 

 and a little or no cowmen. 



