756 CINCHONALES. [Epigynous Exogens. 



Alliance LIV. CINCHONALES. — The Cinchonal Alliance. 



Diagnosis. — Epigynous Exogens, with dichlamydeous monopetalous flotvers, and a minute 

 enibryo lying in a large quantity of albumen. 



This Alliance is known from Campanals and Myrtals by its large quantity of albumen 

 and small embryo, from Cactals, Grossals, and Umbellals by its monopetalous corolla, 

 from Asarals by its dichlamydeous flowers. The Orders of it are closely allied, the three 

 last in the following enumeration being indeed separated by no very strong characters. 

 Cranberries and Columelhads, although not usually brought up to this point, are, never- 

 theless, hardly separable from the AUiance ; the former are a lateral tendency to 

 Ericals. 



Cinchonals are distinguishable from Umbellals by little except their monopetalous 

 corolla, especially if Capi'ifoils and Cornels are compared, and therefore must partici- 

 pate in the imdoubted affinity of the latter Alliance to Ranals ; a cu'cumstance not to be 

 lightly esteemed in mapping out the position which the various groups of the Natm'al 

 system occupy with respect to each other. 



A very strong approach is sho^\^l to the diclinous sub-class, on the part of Caprifoils, 

 among which Viburnum, minus a corolla and with an amentaceous inflorescence, would 

 almost be a Garryad. Indeed, even a tendency to unisexuality occm'S among Caprifoils, 

 when, as in Viburnum, &c., some or all the flowers become neuter or male. And here 

 again we have exactly the same tendency as manifests itself in so many genera of 

 Umbelhfers, which, as in Heracleum, &c,, form radiant male or neuter flowers. 



Natural Orders of Cinchonals. 

 Stamens epigynous ; anthers openinxf hy pores 291. Vacciniace^. 



Stamens epipetalous, hur sting longitudinally ; anthers smwows. 1 ^oo r^TTT-.cT^TTr.r.T.jc 



Floivers unsymmetrical J 



Stamens epipetalouySjlursting longitudinally ; anthers straight.^^qo rivrTrnxArF^ 



Leaves with interpetiolar stipules J 



Stamens epij^etalous, bursting longitudinally; anthers straight.'] r,Q, Caprifoliace^ 



Fruit consolidated. Leaves loithout stipides j 



Stamens epipetalous, bursting longitudinally ; antJiers straight. 'l^q^ Caltace^ 

 Fruit didymous. Leaves verticillate, without stipules . . . j ^' 



