50 



LICHENALES. 



[Thallogens. 



nrietv of carrviiig out the principles of ordinal division recognised elsewhere, will be 

 FnWueedlmong Lichens. In the meanwhile the evidence that has been collected 

 Telms to pob^ to'such a mode of grouping as is indicated m the following proposed 



NATURAL ORDERS OP LICHENALS. 



Nucleus breaking up into naked spores ' 



Nucleus hearing asci ; thallus homogeneous, gelatinous or cartilaginous 

 Nucleus bearing asci: thallus heterogeneous, pulverulent . 



cellular 



12. Graphidacej:. 



13. collemace^. 



14. Parmeliace.e. 



GENERA.* 



\.—Coniolhala-mece.- 

 Shields open ; the nuc- 

 leus breaking up into 

 naked spores. 



* Pulveraridffi. 



Arthronia, Ach. 



Incillaria, Fr. 



Arthronaria, -Fr. 



Pulveraria, Ach. 

 Lepraria, Achar. 

 Pulina, Adans. 

 Phytoconis, Bovy. 

 Leptuberia, Rafin. 



** Calycidse. 

 Coniocarpon, DC. 



Coniolonm, Flork. 

 Trachilia, Fr. 

 Calycium, Pers. 



Ci/phelium, Ach. 



Acolium, Fee. 

 Coniocybe, Ach. 



Sclerophora, Chev. 



Fulgia, Chev. 



II. — Idiothalamece. 

 Shields closed at first, 

 afterwards open ; the 

 nucleus gelatinous, 

 made up of naked 

 spores. 



* Graphidae. 

 Coniangium, Fr. 

 TJstalia, Fr. 

 Pyrochroa, Eschw. 

 Platygramma, Meyer. 

 Sclerophyton, Eschic. 

 Lecanactis, Eschto. 

 Lecanotis, Rehb. 

 Opegrapha, Pers. 

 Hysterina, Ach. 

 Oxystoma, Eschw. 

 Scaphis, Eschw. 

 Leucogramnut, Meyer. 

 Graphis, Eschw. 

 Fissurina,YGQ. 

 Graphis, Fr. 

 Leiorreuma, Eschw. 

 Platygramma, Meyer. 



** Glyphidae. 

 Medusula, Eschtv. 



Sarcographa, Fee. | 

 Asterisca, Meyer. 

 Chiodecton, Ach. 

 Glyphis, Ach. 



*** Limboridse. 

 Urceolaria, Ach. 



Poly stroma, Clement. 

 Thelotrema, Ach. 

 Hym^noria, Ach. 

 Anthrocarptim, Meyer. 

 ?Pyrenula,Fee. 

 7 Ascidium, Fee. 

 Limboria, Ach. 

 Gyrostomum, Fr. 

 Cliostomum, Fr. 



**** pyxinidse. 

 Umbilicaria, Hoffm. 

 Lasallia, Merat. 

 Gyrophora, Achar. 

 Gyromium, Wahlenb. 

 Capnia, Vent. 

 Pyxine, Fr. 



Ill ,—GasterotlMlamece. 

 Shields always closed, 

 or opened by the irre- 

 gular separation of 

 the thallodial covering 

 Nucleus enclosed, con 

 taining asci, deliquesc- 

 ing or shrivelling up. 

 * Verrucaridse. 



Diorygma, Eschic. 



Pyrenothea, Fr. 

 Lepranfha, Dufour. 

 Thrombium, Wallr. 

 Gelatinaria, Flork. 



PjTenastrum, Eschw. 

 Parmentaria, Fee. 



Verrucaria, Pers. 



Ophthalmidium, Bsch-w. 



Ocellularia, Meyer. 

 *** Endocarpidse. 

 Pertusaria, DC. 



Porina, Ach. 



Porophora, Meyer. 

 Sagedia, Ach. 



Stigmatidium, Meyer. 



Enterographa, Fee. 

 Endocarpon, Hedw. 



Dermatocarpon,'Eschy! 



"*** Sphaerophoridse. 

 Siphula, Fr. 



Bufourea, Ach. 

 Sphaerophoron, Pers. 

 Coralloides, Hoffm. 



\Y .—HymcnothalamecB. 

 Shields open; nucleus 

 forming a disk, per- 

 manent and bearing 

 asci. 



** TrjT)ethelid8e. 

 Sphaeromphale, Reichb. 



Segcstria, Fr. 



Segestrella, Fr. 

 Mycoporum, Meyer. 



Porothelium, Eschw. 



Porodothium,FT. 

 Astrothelium, Eschw. 

 Tripethelium, Spr. 



Bathelium, Achar. 



* Ephebidse. 

 Micarea, Fr. 

 Ephebe, -Fr. 

 Coenogonium, Ehrenb. 



** Lecideidse. 

 Lecidea, Ach. 



Catillaria, Achar. 



Echinoplaea, Fee. 



Myriotrema, Fee. 



RMzocarpon,'R&xaon^ 

 Patellaria, Pers. 



Biatora, Fr. 



Lepidoma, Ach. 



Psora, Hoffm. 



Circinaria, Fee. 



Pulveraria, Willd. 



Verrucaria, Hoffm. 



Sphaerothallia, Nees. 

 Baeomyces, Pers. 

 Sphyridium, Plot. 

 Cladonia, Hoffm. 



Cenomyce, Achar. 



Capitularia, Flork. 



Scyphophorus, DC. 



Helopodium, DC. 



Cladonia, Ach. 



Schasmaria, Ach. 



Ceraunia, Ach. 



Pyxidium, Schreb. 



Pyxidaria, Bory. 

 Pycnothelia, Achar. 

 Stereocaulon, Schreb. 

 Thamnium, Yent. 



*** Parmeliadae. 

 Gyalecta, Ach. 

 Dirina, Fr. 

 Cilicia. 

 Cfenogium. 

 Parmelia, Fr. 

 Lecanora, Achar. 

 Squamaria, DC. 

 Urceolaria, Fr. 

 Phlyctis, Wallr. 

 Patellaria, Fr. 

 Psora, Fr. 

 Placodium, Fr. 

 Zeora, Fr. 

 Amphiloma, Fr. 

 Panaria, Delis. 

 Loharia, Hoffm. 

 Physcia,TT. 

 Hagenia, 'Eschw. 

 hnbricaHa, Fr. 

 Platisma, Hoffm. 

 Sticta. Schreb. 

 Pulmoimria, Hoffm. 

 Reticularia, Baumg. 

 Crocodia, Link. 

 IPlectocarpon, F^e. 

 Peltigera, Willd. 

 Peltidea, Ach. 

 Ajitilyssus, Hall. 

 Erioderma, Fee. 

 Solorina, Ach. 

 Sommerfeltia, Flork. 

 Nephroma, Achar. 

 **** Usneidae. 

 Cetraria, Ach. 

 Physcia, DC. 

 Cornicularia, Hoffm. 

 Coelocaulon, Link. 

 RocceUa, DC. 

 Ramalina, Achar. 



Pla typhyll um , Vent . 

 Evernia, Ach. 

 Borrera, Ach. 

 Bryopogon. Lk. 

 ? Neuropogon, Nees. 

 TJsnea, Hoffm. 

 Reichenbachia, Spr, 



Numbers. Gen. 58. Sp. 2400. (Fee.) 

 Position. — Marchantiacese. — Lichenales. — Fungales. 



* Arranged principally according to Endlicher. 



