MrSCALES.] 



JUNGERMANNIACE.E. 



r>9 



Order XVII. JUNGERMANNIACE^E.— Scalemosses. 



Hepaticaruni, § § Jungermaniiiaceae e< Lejeuniaceae, Dumort. Comment. Botan. 112. (1822).— Junger- 

 manniacese et Anthocerinese, Id. S>/Uog. Jungerm. 6. (1831).— Hepaticarum § of most other 

 ^z<^/i0/-5.— Jungermanniaceae, Nixtcs PL 24. {1H33).—Nees v. Esenb. Naturgeschichte der Europce- 

 ischen Lebermoose, vol. i. (1833).— £«dL Gen. xxi. 



Diagnosis. — Spore-cases opening by a definite numher of equal valves, without operculum, 



hut with elatcrs. 

 Creeping moss-like plants, either with imbricated very cellular leaves surrounding a 

 central axis, or with the leaves and axis all fused into one common leafy expansion. 



Fig. XXIX. 



Antheridia scattered, free, or immersed. Pistillidia 

 solitary, with both involucre andinvolucel. Spore- 

 cases without an oper- 



'cC 



i-ig, 



XLI. 



culum, 4-parted, or 4- 

 valved, with or with- 

 out a central columella. Spores mixed with 

 elaters. 



Here the approach to a higher organization 

 becomes more manifest. Instead of a frond con- 

 sisting of a stem and the leaves not distmguish- 

 able from it, we have, in the majority of cases, 

 well-defined separate symmetrical leaves ; and iu 

 the section Anthoceroteee there is a central colu- 

 mella, which is e%ddently a transition to the struc- 

 ture of the Urnmosses. These Scalemosses 

 differ from the Liverworts in the regularly valvate condition 

 of the spore-cases, and in their long- stalked simple fruits. 

 In Blasia and others, the habit is that of the Liverworts. 



Shady woods in hot climates appear to be most prolific in 

 these plants, which, however, seem capable of growing wher- 

 ever the chmate will produce Lichens. The tropics are very 

 rich in them. 



Their uses are unknown. 



Suborder I. Jungerman- 

 NE^.— Spore-cases 1 or 

 4 valved without a co- 

 lumella. 



Metzgeridae. 

 Metzgeria, Radd. 

 Echinomitrium, Cord. 

 Echinopyna, Dumort. 

 Fascioia, Dumort. 



Aneurida;. 

 Trichostjlium , Cord. 

 Aneura, Dumort, 



GENERA 



Romeria, Radd. 

 Metzgeria, Cord. 

 Sarcomitrium, Cord 



Haplolaenidae. 

 Blasia, Michel. 

 Symphyogj'na, Nees 



Mont. 

 Pellia, Radd. 

 Scoptilina, Dumort. 



Diplomitridse. 

 Ilollia. Endl. 

 Blytia, Endl. 



I>iplolaena, Dumort. 

 Dilaena, Dumort. 

 Cordaea, Nees. 

 Diplomitrium, Cord. 



Codonidae. 

 Fossombronia, Radd. 

 Codonia, Dumort. 



Jubulidee. 

 Lejeunia, Lib. 

 Phragmicoma, Dumort. 

 Frullania, Sees. 

 Jubitla, Dumort. 



Brt/opteHs, Nees. 



Schultheda, Radd. 

 Physananthus, Lcebg. 

 Ptychanthus, Nees. 



? Frullanioides, Radd. 

 Madotheca, Dumort. 



Bellincinia, Radd. 



Antoiria, Radd. 



Porella, Dicks. 

 Radula, Dumort. 



Radulotypus, Dumort. 



Candollea, Radd. part. 



Fig. XXXIX. — 1. Spore-case of Jungermannia hyalina ripe and bursting; 2. the same, very young 

 and covered with its calyptra ; 3. Elater and spore ; 4. Antheridium. 



Fig. XL. — Jungermannia bidentata. 



Fig. XLI.— 1. Monoclea crispata, a little magnified : 2. Spore-case and columella ; 3. Elater and 

 spore. 



