EXOGENS. 



2J5 



Chenopodales. 



PiPERALES. 



Floicers monochlamydeous ; placentcB free, central; em- 

 bryo external, either curved round or applied to the 

 surface of a little mealy or horny albumen ; carpels 

 solitary, or, if more than one, distinct. {Some slightly 

 perigynous, others S 9 -) 



Floicers achlamydeous ; embryo minute, on the outside of 

 a large quantity of mealy albumen. {Occasioiially S ^ -) 



Sub-Class III. PERIGYNOUS EXOGENS. 



Flowers 0, ov S $ 5 ; stamens growing to the side of either the calyx or 

 corolla ; ovary superior, or nearly so. 



FicoiDALES. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; placentce central or axile ; 

 cm'olla, if jyresent, p>olypetalous ; embryo external, and 

 curved round a small quantity of mealy albumen. 

 Daphxales. — Flowers monochlamydeous ; carpel solitary ; embryo 



amygdaloid, without albumen. 

 Rosales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; carpels more ofr less dis- 

 tinct ; placentcB sutural ; seeds definite ; corolla, if 

 jyresent, polypetalous ; embryo amygdaloid, with little 

 or no albumen. 

 Saxifragales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; carpels consolidated ; pla- 

 centm sutural or axile ; seeds 00 ; corolla, if present, 

 pokqyetalous ; embryo taper, with a long radicle, and 

 a little or no albumen. 

 Rhamnales. — Flowers monodichlamydeous ; carpjels consolidated ; pla- 

 centce axile; fruit capsular, berried, or drupaceous ; 

 seeds definite; embryo amygdaloid, with little or no 

 cdbumen. 

 Gentian ales. — Flowers dichlamydeous, monopetalous ; jjldcentce axile or 

 jmrietal ; embryo minute, or with the cotyledons much 

 smaller than the radicle, lying in a large quantity of 

 albumen. 

 Solanales. — Flowers dichlamydeous, monojyetalous, symmetrical ; pla- 

 centce axile ; fruit 2-Z-celled ; embryo large, lying in a 

 small quantity of albumen. {Occasionally achlamy- 

 deous or polypetalous.) 

 Cortusales. — Flowers dichlamydeous, monojMalous, symmetrical ; jjla- 

 centa free, central; embryo lying aynong a large 

 quantity of albumen. {Occasionally monochlamydeous, 

 or polypetalous.) 

 Echiales. — Flowers dichlamydeous, monopetalous, symmetrical, or 

 unsymmetrical ; fruit nucamentaceous , consisting of 

 several one-seeded nuts, or of clusters of them separate 

 or separable ; embryo large, with little or no albumen, 

 ( Very rarely hypogynous !) 

 BiGNONiALES. — Flowers dichlamydeous, monopetalous, unsymmetrical; 

 fruit capsular or berried, with its carpels quite consoli- 

 dated ; placentce axile, or parietal, or free central ; 

 embryo with little or no alhvmen. 



