35 i 



CAPPARTDACEyE. 



[Hypogynous Exogens. 



De Candolle compares Capparids witli Cnicifers in regard to theii* sensible quali- 

 ties ; and they no doubt resemble each other in many respects ; for mstance,the flower- 

 buds of the Caper (Capparis spinosa, 

 rupestris in Greece, Fontauesii in Bar- 

 bary, and segyptiaca in Egypt) are 

 stimulant, anti^coi'butic, and aperient, 

 and form a ^veU-kno^^'ll pickle ; the 

 bark of the root passes for a diuretic ; 

 and some species of Cleome and Pola- 

 nisia have a pmigent taste, hke that 

 of mustard ; the root of Cleome dode- 

 candra is used as a vermifuge in the 

 United States. The bark of the root of 

 Cratseva gynandi'a (the Garlick Pear) 

 bUsters like Cantharides ; so does that 

 of Capparis cynophaUophora, amygda- 

 lina, and feriiiginea. Polanisia icosan- 

 dra acts as a vesicatory, and is used m 

 Cochm China as a sinapism. But on 

 the other hand the pungent principle 

 becomes in some cases so concentrated 

 as to be dangerous. Colicodendron 

 Yeo is said by Martins to be dan- 

 gerous to mules and horses. There is a 

 plant called Fruta de BmTO, found m 

 the neighboui'hood of Carthagena, the 

 fruit of which is extremely poisonous ; 

 it is supposed to be a species of Cap- 

 paris, nearly allied to the C. pulcher- 

 rima of Jacquin ; and must not be 

 confounded with the Fruta del Bm'ro 

 of Humboldt, found m Guiana, which 

 is a valuable medicmal plant, belonging 

 to Anonads. Although they are in 

 general plants of small dimensions, yet 

 from Cratseva excelsa the people of 

 Madagascar, who call it Vouen pouen, 

 cut planks as much as four feet broad, 

 according to Bojer.— Ann. Sc. N. N. S. xx. 58. The bniised leaves of Cratseva Tapia 

 are used in Brazil against mflammation ; its bark is bitter and tonic. Capparis Sodada 

 has a narcotic odour, and its acrid stimulating fruits are employed by women to produce 

 fecundity. The root of Cadaba indica is said to be aperient and anthelmmtic. The 

 juicy berries of Cratseva Nurvala are said to be agreeable. 



Fig. CCXLIX 



I. Cleome.e. — Fruit a 

 capsule. 



Cleomella, DC. 

 Gynandropsis, BC. 



Gymnogonia, R. Br. 

 Cleome, DC. 



Sinapistrtim, Monch. 



Pedicellaria, DC. 



Atalanta, Nutt. 



Peritoma, DC. 



Siliquaria, Forsk. 



Roridula, Forsk. 



Rorida, Rom. et Sch. 

 Dactylaena, Schrad. 

 Physostemon, Mart, et 



Zucc. 



GENERA. 



Polanisia, Raf. 



Corynandra, Schrad. 



Ranmanissa, Endl. 

 Cyrbasium, Endl. 



Cristatella, Nutt. 

 Isomeris, Nutt. 

 Dipterygium, Decaisne. 



Pteroloma, St. 



II. Cappare.e. — Fruit a 

 berry. 



Schepperia, Neck. 



Macromerum, Burch. 

 Atamisquea, Miers. 

 Cadaba, Forsk. 



Stromia, Vahl. 



Desmocarpus, Wall. 

 Thylacium, Lour. 

 Niebuhria, DC. 

 Boscia, Lam. 



Podoria, Pers. 

 Streblocarpus, Arnoit. 

 Maerua, Forik. 

 Colicodendron, Mart. 



Calanthea, DC. 



? Quadrella, DC. 

 Capparis, Linn. 



Sodada, Forsk. 



Homback, Adans. 



Lindackera, Sieb. 



Capparidastrinn, DC. 



Cytiophalla, DC. 



Utcrveria, Bert. 



Breyniastrum , DC. 



Breynia, Plum. 

 Busbeckea, Endl. 

 IMorisonia, Plum. 

 Ci'ataeva, Linn. 



Othrys, Noronh. 

 Ritchiea, R. Br. 

 Steriphoma, Spreng. 



Romeria, Tratt. 



Stephania, Willd. 

 Tovaria, Ruiz et Pav. 

 ? Singana, Aubl. 



Sterehcckia, Schreb. 

 ? Hermupoa, Liiffl. 

 ? Roydsia, Roxb. 



Numbers. Gen. 28. Sp. 340. 



Passifloraceee. 

 Position. — Brassicacece. — Capparidace^. — Resedacece. 

 FlacourtiacecB. 



Fig. CCXLIX. 6?.?.— Physostemon lanceolatum. 1. a flower of the natural size ; 2. the calyx, stamens, 

 aiid ovary; 3. the ripe fruit, with one valve separating ; 4. a seed : 5. the same cut vertically, to show 

 the mcurved embryo. 



