Ranales.] 



MAGNOLIACEiE. 



419 



compared for efficacy to Cascarilla, but it is less bitter. Michelia gi*acilis bark smells 

 strongly of Camphor. The whole plant of Illicium anisatiun, especially the fruit, has 

 a pleasant aromatic flavour of Anise, sweetish and 

 rather pungent. It is reckoned a stomachic and car- 

 minative among the Chinese, and is used as a spico in 

 theii' cookery. The fmit is aromatic and carminative, 

 and by distillation yields an oil 

 which has most of the properties 

 of oil of Anise, for which it is often 

 substituted. It is chiefly used in 

 the fabrication of liqueurs. Illicium 

 floridanum and other species have 

 similar spicy qualities. The seeds 

 of Ilhcium religiosum are so fra- 

 grant that the Chinese bvirn them 

 in their temples. Drimys Winteri 

 yields the Winter's Bark, which is 

 kno\vn for its resemblance to that of 

 Cinnamon. A bark called Melambo 

 Bark, possessing similar properties, 

 is described by Cadet in i\\eJoio'nal 

 de Pharmacie, 1815, p. 20 ; but it is 

 very uncertain whether it belongs to any plant of this Order. The bark of Di'imys 

 grauatensis, called Casca d 'Anta in Brazil, is much used against colic. It is tonic, 

 aromatic, and stimulant, and resembles, in nearly all respects, the Drimys Winteri, or 

 Winter's Bark. Similar in their natm-e are Drimys axillaris and Tasmannia aromatica, 

 one a New Zealand and the other a New Holland tree, whose fruit is occasionally 

 used as pepper by the settlers in Tasmannia. Many are valuable for their timber. 

 Micheha Doltsopa is one of the finest trees in Nipal, j-ielding an excellent fragrant 



wood, much used in that country for house-building Bon, Prodr. 226. Magnolia 



excelsa has a valuable timber called Champ, at first greenish, but soon changing into a 

 pale yellow ; the textvu'e is fine. Manglietia glauca has a white solid wood wliich is 

 largely employed in Java, and supposed to prevent the decay of corpses put into coffins 

 made of it. Another valuable timber of the same coimtry is that of Aromadendron elegans. 

 Blume remarks that Magiioliads are absolutely knowii from Dilleniads by their bitter 

 aromatic properties ; the latter never being anything beyond styptics. 



Fig. CCXCI. 



GENERA. 



I. Mag.volie^. — Car- 

 pels arranged in a cone. 

 Leaves not dotted, or 

 scarcely. 



Talauma, Juss. 



Bliania, Nees. 



Magnolia, Plum. 

 Aromadendrum, Blum. 

 Magnolia, Linn. 



Gwillimia, Rottl. 



Liriopsis, Spach. 



Yulania, Spach. 



Tiilipastrum, Spach. 



LiHanthe, Spach. 

 Manglietia, jB^»?m. 

 Michelia, Linn. 



Champaca, Rheed. 



Sampaca, Rumph. 

 Liriodendron, Linn. 



Tulipifera, Herm. 



II. WixTERE^:.— Carpels! 

 whorled, in a single 

 row. Leaves with pel- 

 lucid dots, and often 

 with no stipules. | 



Tasmannia, R. Br. 

 Drimj-s, Forst. \ 



Wintera, Murr. i 



Winterana, Sol. 



Magallana, Commers. 



Canclla, Domb. 



Boique, Molin. 

 Illicium, Linn. 



Skimmi, Kampf. 



Badiani/cra, Linn. 



Cymhnstemon, Spach. 

 Trochodendron, Sieb.etZ. 



Gi/mnanthus, Jungh. 

 ? Temus, Molin. 



Numbers. Gen. 11. Sp. 65. 



MoracecB. 

 Position. — Anonacese. — Magnoliace^. — Dilleniacese. 

 ScMzcmdracecB. 

 Monimiacece? 



Fig. CCXCI.— 1. stamens and pistil ; 2. fruit, of Aromadendron elegans. 



E E 2 



