Chenopodales.] 



CHENOPODIACEiE. 



513 



uniform in such woody species as I have examined. It exists, for mstance, in Halocnemum 

 strobilaceura, Rhagodia Billardieri, Obionia portulacoides, Diotis ceratoides; but does 

 not appear in Camphorosma monspeUaca, and some Sahcomias, which are distinctly 

 zoned ; while Artlirocnemis arbuscula, Salsola fruticosa, SaUcornia articulata appear to 

 have a kind of intermediate structvu-e. They all, however, deserve the most carefvd 

 investigation. 



Among other peculiarities, some of the species have a tendency to extend their 

 calyx into horizontal wings, which give them a very peculiar aspect ; others secrete 

 a coloured juice abundantly in the sepals, which, growing together in masses, cause 

 an appearance similar to that of the Strawberry. They are distinguished from 

 Phytolaccads, independently of the simpUcity of the stnictm-e of their ovary, by their 

 stamens never exceeding the number of the segments of the calyx, to which they are 

 opposite : in Phytolaccads, if they are not more numerous than the segments of the 

 calyx, they are alternate with them. It is evident, however, that Nettleworts and their 

 allies stand in the first degi'ee of relationship ; and if it were not for the general tendency 

 of this Order to form bisexual flowers, together with the mealy albumen and mferior 

 radicle, it might be doubted whether the Chenopods ought not to be even referred to the 

 Urtical AUiance. They seem, however, to belong to the series of bisexual hj-pogj-nous 

 Orders, at the same time approaching in some parts of their territory to those perigy- 

 nous plants which are stationed with Scleranths in Ficoidals. 



Weeds, inliabiting waste places in all parts of the world, but unlike Amaranths, 

 abounding least wuthin the tropics, and most in extra-tropical regions. They are 

 exceedingly common in all the northern parts of Em'ope and Asia, and are frequent 

 inhabitants of salt marshes. 



Some are used as potherbs, as Spinage, English Mercury (Chenopodium Bonus 

 Henricus), Garden Orach (Atriplex hortensis), and Chard Beet ; the roots of others form 

 valuable articles of food, as Beet and Mangold Wm'zel, plants now famous as a new 

 source of sugar, capable of being produced in northern countries. Some of them possess 

 an essential oil, which renders them tonic and antispasmodic ; such are Ambrina ambrosi- 

 oides and Botrys ; the fonner has an aromatic sub-acrid taste, and is regarded in Brazil 

 as a carminative, diaphoretic, and emmenagogue ; it is prescribed in amenorrhoea, and for 

 the expulsion of the dead foetus. — MartivjS. Chenopodium Quinoa is a common article 

 of food in Peru. Soda is yielded in immense quantities by Salsolas, SaUcornias, and 

 others. The essential oil of Ambrina anthelmintica, known in North America under the 

 name of Worm-seed Oil, is powerfully anthelmintic. The same quality has been observed 

 in Halogeton tamariscifohum, a Spanish species, called Spanish Worm-seed. Chenopo- 

 dium vulvaria or olidum, a plant with an atrocious odour, has great reputation as an 

 antispasmodic and emmenagogue. Thelygonum Cynocrambe {KwoKpajx^r}, Diosc.) is a 

 sub-acrid plant, aboimding in acicular saline crystals, and is shghtly purgative. It is 

 sometimes used as a potherb. The seeds of Atriplex hortensis are said to be so unwhole- 

 some as to excite vomiting. 



GENERA. 



Salicornia, Tournef. 

 Halostachys, CA. Mey. 

 Halocnemum, Bieherst. 

 Arthrocnemum, Moq. 

 Ceratocarpus, Bttxb, 

 Pugionium, Gcertn. 

 Eurotia, Adans. 



Diotis, Schreb. 



Ceratospermum, Pers. 



Guldenstcedtia, Neck. 



Krascheninnikou'ia , 



Giildenst, 

 Thelygonum, L. 

 Atriplex, L. 

 Schizotheca, C. A. Mey. 

 Obione, Gcertn. 

 Halimus, Wallr. 

 Grayia, Hook et Am. 

 Axyris, Linn. 

 Fremontea, Tor. et Gray 



Sarcobatns, Nees. 

 Oxybasis, Karel. 



Acnida, Mitch. 

 Spinacia, Tournef. 

 Exomis, Moq. 

 Camphorosma, Linn. 



Camphorata, Monch. 

 Kirilovia, Buntje. 

 Panderia, Fisch et Meyer. 



Pterochlamys, Fisch. 

 Sclerolaena, R. Br. 

 Anisacantha, R. Br. 

 Kentropsis, Moq. 

 Threlkeldia, R. Br. 

 DidjTuanthus, Endl. 

 Blitum, Linn. 



Morocarpus, Scop. 

 Agathophytum, Moq. 

 Orthosporum, R. Br. 

 Roubieva, Moq. 

 Ambrina, Spach. 

 Beta, Tournef. 

 Enchylaena, R. Br. 



Londesia, Fisch. et Mey. 

 Chenolea, Thunb. 

 Echinopsilon, Moq. 



Bassia, Allien. 



Kochia, R. Br. 



Suceda, Rchb. 

 Kochia, Roth. 



Willemetia, R. Bi-. 

 Maireana, Moq. Tand. 

 Cycloloma, Moq. 



Cyclolepis, JMoq. 

 Chenopodium, Linn. 

 Oliganthera, Endl. 



Oligandra, Less. 



Lipandra, Moq. 

 Rhagodia, R. Br. 

 Teloxys, Moq. 



Botrydiiim, Spach. 

 Cryptocarpus, H. B. K. 

 Schanginia, C. A. Meyer. 



Suaeda, Forsk. 



Lerchia, Hall. 



Cochliospertmim , Lgsc. 

 Schoberia, C. A. Mey. 

 Alexandra, Bunge. 

 Traganum, Delile. 

 Salsola, L. 



Caroxylon, Thunb. 

 Horaninovia, F. et M. 

 Halimocnemis, C.A.Mey. 

 Halogeton, C. A. Meyer. 

 Nanophj-tum, Less. 

 Cornulaca, Delile. 

 Anabasis, L. 

 Brachylepis, C. A. Meyer. 

 Monolepis, Schrad. 

 Agriophyllum, Bieberst. 



Rhagrostis, Buxb. 

 Corispermum, Juss. 

 Anthochlamys, Fenzl. 

 Dysphania, R. Br. 



Numbers. Gen. 63. Sp. 360. 



Urticacexe. 

 Position. — Amarantacerc. — Chenopodiace^.— 

 Mesemhryacece 1 

 Scleranthacea. 



Phvtolaccaceaj. 



