576 RHAMNALES. [Perigynous Exogens. 



Alliance XLIV. RHAMNALES. — The Rhamnal Alliance. 



Diagnosis. — Peingynous Exogeas, with monodicTilamydeous flowers, consolidated car^ 

 axile plcLcentcB, capsidar, hemed, or d'l'upaceoios fruity definite seeds, and an a\ 

 laid embryo, with little or no albumen. 



It has already been stated that the only positive distinction between this Alliance 

 and Daphnals consists in the compound ovary of Rhamnals. Tliis may seem a trifling 

 difference and quite artificial. But in reality it is connected vAih a liigher evolution of 

 all the parts, as is indicated by the general presence of a corolla, which even becomes 

 monopetalous, and by its considerable development in many instances. Even in Sar- 

 cocollads, where the corolla is missing, the calyx acquires quite a petaloid condition. 



Storaxworts pass directly into Ebenads, with winch the next AUiance commences. 

 In general the smallness of the embryo and the largeness of the albumen in the latter, 

 completely divide them from Rhamnals ; but some Ebenads have quite an intermediate 

 structure, and are not very easy to distinguish from Storaxworts. 



Natural Orders of Rhamnals. 



Flowers apetalous. Ovary composed of 4 carpels. Calyx tubu- "I qi q p 



lar, with definite divisions. Cotyledons consolidated . . . j ' "^n^ace^e. 

 Flowers apetalous. Ovary composed of 2 carpels. Calyx tid)u- "| 



lar, with a definite numher of divisions. Cotyledons amyg- 1 220. Aquilariace^. 



daloid J 



Floioers apetalous. Ovary composed of 2 cai^els. Calyx im- "| 



perfect, and irregularly divided at the edge. Cotyledons thin 1-221. Ulmace^e. 



and leafy J 



Flotoers polypetalous. Calyx valvate. Stamens opposite petals. \ of,o t> 



Seeds erect / ^'^'^* -I^hamnace^. 



Fou'ers polypetalous. Calyx valvate. Stamens alternate with"] ^^^ ^ 

 petals Seeds pendulous |223. Chailletiace^. 



Flowers polypetalous. Calyx imbncated. Stamens (3) monu- 1 or. 4 tt 



delphoUS y. . .}224. HlPPOCRATEACE^. 



Floioers polypetalous. Calyx imbricated. Stamens (4^) distinct 225, Celastrace^. 



Flowers monopetalous. Stamens episepalous 226. Stackhousiace^. 



Mowers monopetalous. Stamens epipetalous. Ovules ascending. \ ^^„ ^ 



Radicle short. Cotyledons amygdaloid 

 loioers monopetalous. Stamens epipetaloi 

 at least, suspended. Radicle long. Cotyledc 



Floioers monopetalous. Stamens epipetalous. Ovules, in partX^.-yn 



■■■ -I 1 -w. -, . -, , ~,- -. Y J^t). OTYRACACEiE. 



