BUNCH-FLOWER FAMILY 149 



long; sepals and petals elliptic, not clawed, greenish white; capsule ovoid. Z. 

 ■porrifolius Greene. Mountains and canons: Ariz. — se Utah — -N.M. — Mex. 

 Suhmonl. Jl-Au. 



6. A. vaginata Rydb. Growing in clumps; stem 7-10 dm. high; leaves 

 linear, 3-7 dm. long, 6-10 mm. wide, with numerous veins; inflorescence panicu- 

 ate; bracts linear or subulate, 3-6 cm. long, green, or the upper ovate, white; 

 petals and sepals white, elliptic, 7-8 mm. long, 7-nerved. Loose soil under over- 

 hanging cailon walls: se Utah. Son. Au. 



6. TOXICOSCORDION Rydb. Poison Camas, Death Camas. 



Bulbifcrous glabrous, more or less poisonous perennials, with narrow linear 

 conduplicate leaves and yellowish racemose or paniculate flowers. Flowers per- 

 fect. Petals and sepals bearing an obovate or semiorbicular gland at or above 

 the base of the blade. Ovary wholly superior. Stamens more or less adnate to 

 the base of the petals and sepals; anthers sub-reniform, confluently 1-celled. 

 Seeds numerous. 



Petals and sepals rounded or obtuse at the apex. 



Upper leaves without sheaths at the base; both petals and sepals distinctly clawed 

 and subcordate at the base; gland witii a thick, toothed margin. 1. T. venenosum. 



All leaves with distinct sheaths; petals long-clawed and subcordate at the base; 

 sepals subsessule; margin of the gland ill-deflned. 2. T. gramineum. 



Petals and sepals acute or acuminate at the apex; all leaves with sheaths; sepals cuneate 

 at the base and short-clawed or subsessile. 



Leaves less than 5 mm. wide; petals and sepals both cuneate at the base and short- 

 clawed. 3. T. acutum. 



Leaves over 5 mm. wide. 



Raceme simple; petals comparatively long-clawed and subcordate at the base. 



4. T. falcatum. 

 Raceme branched; petals short-clawed, not subcordate at the base. 



5. T. paniculatum 



1. T. venenosum (S. Wats.) Rydb. Stem 3-6 dm. high; leaves narrowly 

 linear, striate, scabrous, 1.5-3 dm. long, 4-6 mm. wide; raceme many-flowered, 

 in fruit elongate; petals and sepals about 5 mm. long; claw about 1 mm. long; 

 blades of the sepals broadly ovate, those of the petals more elliptic-ovate. Zyga- 

 denus venenosus. S. Wats. Z. salinus A. Nels. Hillsides: Mont. — Utah — 

 Calif. — B.C. Plain — Submont. Je-Au. 



2. T. gramineum Rydb. Stem 2-3.5 dm. high; leaves linear, 1-2 dm. 

 long, 3-9 mm. wide; flowers hght yellow; sepals broadly ovate, obtuse; petals 

 ovate, obtuse, subcordate at the base. Z. gramineus and Z. intermedium Rydb. 

 Hills and meadows: Sask. — S.D. — Colo. — Utah — Ida. Submont. 



3. T. acutum Rydb. Stem 3-5 dm. high; leaves narrowly linear, scabrous 

 on the margin, about 2 dm. long and 4—5 mm. wide; petals and sepals 4-5 mm. 

 long, both acute at the apex and at the base; glands obovate or cuneate. Z. 

 acidus Rydb. Hillsides: (Black Hills) S.D. Submont. Je-Jl. 



4. T. falcatum Rydb. Stem stout, 3-4 dm. high; leaves scabrous, 1.5-2.5 

 dm. long, 5-8 mm. wide; raceme short, in fruit elongate; petals and sepals about 

 5 mm. long, acute; the former deltoid-ovate, acute at the base; glands semi- 

 orbicular, upper margin toothed, thin and not well defined. Z. falcatus Rydb. 

 Hills and table-lands: Colo. — n N.M. Submont. Je-Au. 



5. T. paniculatum (Nutt.) Rydb. Stem stout, 3-6 dm. high; leaves 

 striate, scabrous, 2-4 dm. long, 5-10 mm. wide; flowers panicled, rarety race- 

 mose, yellow; petals and sepals 4-5 mm. long; both ovate or deltate-ovate, 

 acute at both ends and short-clawed; glands semi-orbicular, upper margins 

 toothed, thin and ill-defined. Z. paniculatus S. Wats. On hills: Mont. — N.M. 

 — Calif. — Wash. Son. — Submo7U. My-Je. 



Family 19. JUNCACEAE. Rush Family. 



Grass-like herbs. Flowers perfect, regular, inconspicuous; sepals and 

 petals each 3, similar, scale-like. Stamens 6 or 3, rarely 4 or 5; anthers 

 introrse. Pistil of 3 united carpels; ovary 1- or 3-celle*d; stigmas 3. Fruit 

 a loculicidal capsule. Seeds 3-inany, often apiculate or tailed. 



