RUSH FAMILY 151 



stem slender; leaves narrow and long; sepals and petals 3.5-4 mm. long, 

 scarious to the apex, fuscous; flowers few, congested. 



12. J. confusus. 

 Capsule ovate or oval, 1-celled, three-fourths as long as the petals or less; 

 petals and sepals spreading. 13. J. tenuis. 



Auricles cartilaginous, yellowish brown; inflorescence greenish; capsule ovate; petals 

 and sepals spreading. 14. J. Dudleyi. 



IV. BUFONII. 



Capsule oblong to ovoid, trigonous, 3-4.5 mm. long, at maturity closely embraced by 

 the ascending petals. 15. J. bufonius. 



Capsule subglobo.se or short-ovoid, 2-3 mm. long; petals and sepals at maturity loosely 

 spreading, ascending, or squarrose. 16. J. sphaerocarpus. 



V. Castanet. 

 Stem leafy only at the base, but the uppermost leaf often with a long sheath; perianth 

 about 4 mm. long; leaves about 1 mm. in diameter; rootstock short, cespitose. 

 Lowest bract of tlie inflorescence more or less membranaceous, spreading; capsule 



obtuse or mucronate. 17. J. triglumis. 



Lowest bract of the inflorescence foliaceous, erect; capsule deeply retuse. 



18. J. biglumis. 

 Stem more or less leafy; leaves about 2 mm. in diameter; perianth 5-6 mm. long; root- 

 stock longer, stoloniferous. 19. J. castaneus. 



VI. GR.A.MINIFOLII. 



Seeds caudate; ligules with lanceolate, acute auricles at the summit. 



Stem slender, 3-5 dm. high; leaves 5-20 cm. long; auricles about 1 mm. long. 



20. J. Regelii. 



Stem about 2 dm. high ; leaves 3-6 cm. long, spreading ; auricles of the ligules about 



2 mm. long. 21. J. Jonesii. 



Seeds not caudate; ligules with rounded auricles or none. 



Leaves long, erect; auricles present. 22. J. lonaistylis. 



Leaves short and broad, ascending, spreading; auricles none. 23. J. orthophyllus. 



VII. Unciales. 

 One species. 24. J. uncialis. 



VIII. NODOSI. 



Stamens 6; seeds not caudate, or slightly so in J. Mertensianus and J. nevadensis; peren- 

 nials with creeping rootstocks. 

 Inflorescence with short branches; flowers echinate-spreading or the lowest of the 

 heads reflexed; capsule narrowly lanceolate. 

 Heads 7-10 mm. in diameter; leaf-blades erect; petals usually longer than the 



sepals. 25. J. nodosus. 



Heads 10-16 mm. in diameter; leaf-blades usually spreading; sepals longer than 

 the petals. 26. J. Torreyi. 



Inflorescence with elongated branches; flowers erect-ascending; capsule oblong. 

 Capsule shorter than or rarely equalling the acuminate sepals and petals. 

 Flowers dark brown. 



Capsule acute. 27. J. nevadensis. 



Capsule truncate or obtuse. 



Heads several; leaves terete; seeds not caudate. 28. J. truncatus. 

 Heads solitary, or rarely 2-3; leaves somewhat flattened; seeds often 

 caudate. 29. J. Mertensianus. 



Flowers light brown or straw-colored. 36. J. columbianus. 



Capsule longer than the obtuse or acutish petals and sepals. 



31. J. Richardsonianus. 

 Stamens 3; seeds long-caudate; perennials with cespito.se rootstocks. 



32. J. Tueedyi. 



IX. Ensifolii. 



Styles long, exceeding the petals by 1 mm. in length. 33. J. Tracyi. 



Style -slightly, if at all exceeding the petals. 



Flower-clusters numerous, small, 5-12-flowered, light colored. 



34. J. brunnescens. 

 Flower-clusters few, 15-25-flowered. 



Flowers greenish or light brown ; stamens 6 ; ligules of the sheaths usually without 



auricles. 35. J. parous. 



Flowers fuscous or very dark brown. 



Stamens 6; ligules of the sheaths usually produced into small auricles. 



36. J. saiimontanus. 

 Stamens 3; ligules without auricles. 37. J. ensifolius. 



1. J. filiformis L. Stem 1-5 dm. high, slender, 1-2 mm. thick; leaves 

 basal and reduced to brown sheaths; inflorescence 6-10-flowered, open; sepals 

 4-5 mm. long, lanceolate, acute, slightly exceeding the obtuse or acutish petals; 

 capsule obovoid, green, about equalling the petals, 3-celled; seeds acute, but 

 scarcely apiculate. In wet places: Greenl. — Pa.^Utah — 'Wash. — Alaska; Eurasia. 

 Plain — Submont. Je-Au. 



2. J. ater Rydb. Stem dark green, 2-6 dm. high, about 2 mm. thick; sheaths 

 loose, dark brown; flowers 5-20; sepals and petals 5-6 mm. long; capsule ob- 



