POPPY FAMILY 317 



Capsule opening by dentiform lids under the stigma. 5. Papaver. 



Hypanthlum more or less developed; calyx calyptrate, r. c, the two sepals wholly united 

 into a funnelform body, lifted off by the expanding petals; capsule elongate, 2-valved 

 usually from the base to the apex. 6. Eschsciioltzia. 



1. PLATYSTEMON Benth. Cream-cups. 



Small annuals, with oi:)posite linear, entire leaves. Sepals 3, ovate, caducous. 

 Petals 6, rarely more, yellow or yellowish. Stamens numerous; filaments usually 

 dilated upwards, especially the outer ones; anthers hnear to oval, dehiscent 

 laterally. Pistils many, soon separate, torulose. Carpels in fruit moniliform 

 and usually breaking up into 1-seeded joints. 



1. P. californicus Benth. Low annual, 1-3 dm. high, hispid with long 

 spreading hairs; leaves closely sessile, linear, obtuse, nerved; peduncles about 1 

 dm. long or more; sepals varying from yellow to nearly white, 1-2.5 cm. long. In- 

 cludes P. rigidulus, P. remolus, P. terniini and two score or more species proposed 

 by Greene and Fedde. Desert and arid regions : Cahf. — s Utah — Ariz. L. Son. 



2. ARCTOMECON Torr. & Frem. 

 Low, almost scapose annuals. Leaves basal or nearly so. Sepals 2. Petals 

 4, in age thin-scarious, persistent. Flowers perfect, drooping in the bud. Sta- 

 mens numerous. Styles short; stigmas united, cordate-bilobed, 3-6, usually 4. 

 Capsule ovoid or obovoid, 3-6-valved; valves alternating with the nerviform 

 placentae. Seeds oblong with sinuose coat. 



1. A. humilis CoviUe. Low annual, 1-2 dm. high; leaves erect, lanceolate, 

 usually 2-3-dentate at the apex, hirsute-ciliate and sparsely' villous ; scape 1-3- 

 flowered; petals 4, suborbicular, white, about 18 mm. long; filaments flattened; 

 capsule 8 mm. long and 6 mm. thick; style short. Desert regions; Utah. Son. 



3. CHELIDONIUM (Tourn.) L. Celandine. 



Glabrous perennial herbs, with rootstocks. Leaves pinnately divided, 

 crenately lobed, alternate. Sepals 2, yellowish green. Petals 4, yellow, imbri- 

 cate in two series. Stamens many. Pistil formed of 2 carpels; ovary linear; 

 style present; stigmas 2-lobed. Capsule linear, torulose, glabrous, 2-valved, 

 dehiscent from the base, separating from the persistent placentae. 



1. C. majus L. Stem 3-10 dm. high; leaf -segments 5-7, obovate-oblong, 

 crenately lobed; petals 7.5-10 mm. long, rounded; capsule 2-5 cm. long, 2-3 mm. 

 thick. Waste places: N.S. — -N.C. — Utah; adv. from Eu. Ap-S. 



4. ARGEMONE L. Prickly Poppy, Thistle Poppy. 



Annual or perennial herbs, or rarely shrubby, with yellow or white sap. 

 Leaves alternate, clasping, pinnatifid or lobed, the divisions spinose-tipped. 

 Flowers erect in bud, perfect. Sepals 2-3, hooded or horned, deciduous. Petals 

 4-6, sho^\'y, yellow or white. Stamens numerous; filaments slender. Ovary 

 with 4—6 nerviform placentae; stigma sessile; ovules numerous. Capsule oblong, 

 opening at the top by 4-6 valves. Seeds numerous, pitted; endosperm oily. 

 [Enomegra A. Nels.] 



Corolla yellow; leaves with light blotches. • 1. A. mexicana. 



Corolla wliite; leaves not blotched. 

 Prickles of the fruit not squarrose. 



Stem unarmed, prickly, or bristly, but not hispidulous. 



Leaves acutely lobed; liorns of the sepals glabrous. 2. A. intermedia. 



Leaves round-lobed; horns of the sepals bristly. 3. A. rotundata. 



Stem hispidulou.s-pubescent as well as densely prickly. 4. A. hispida. 



Prickles of the fruit strong, recurved-spreading, squarrose. 5. A. squarrosa. 



1. A. mexicana L. Stem 3-6 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly prickly; leaves 

 sinuate-pinnatifid, with spinulose dentate lobes; flowers sessile; calyx slightly 

 bristly, its horns terete, glabrous, with stout spines; petals yellow, 1.5-2.5 cm. 

 long; capsule ellipsoid, 2. ,5-3 cm. long, sparingly prickly, with stout spreading 

 prickles. Hillsides, cultivated ground and waste places: W.Ind. — -Fla. — -Tex. 

 —S.Am.; Africa, East Indies and Australia. Cult, and escaped, reported from 

 Colo. Ja-D. 



