652 PRIMULACEAE 



10. CENTUNCULUS L. False Pimpernel, Chaffweed. 



Small depressed caulescent annuals. Leaves alternate or the lower opposite. 

 Flowers minute, axillary, solitary. Sepals 4 or 5, united below, persistent. 

 Corolla not exceeding the calyx; tube subglobose; lobes entire, spreading. Sta- 

 mens 4 or 5, inserted in the throat; filaments dilated; anthers cordate. Ovary 

 1-celled; style filiform; stigma capitate. Ovules numerous, half-anatropous. 

 Capsule subglobose, circumscissile; seeds niunerous. 



1. C. minimus L. Slender annual, 2-15 cm. high; leaves subsessile, obo- 

 vate or oblong, 4-8 mm. long; flowers sessile or nearly so; sepals linear or linear- 

 lanceolate, acuminate; corolla pink; lobes lanceolate. Moist soil: 111. — Ha. — 

 L. Calif. — B.C.; Eu. and S. Am. Plain — Submont. Ap-S. 



11. GLAIJX (Tourn.) L. Black Saltwort, Sea Milkwort. 



Small caulescent herbs, perennial. Leaves opposite, entire, sessile. Flow- 

 ers small, axillary. Calyx campanulate, .5-lobed; the lobes petaloid, pink or 

 white, imbricate in the bud. Corolla wanting. Stamens 5, inserted at the base 

 of the calyx, alternate with its lobes; filaments filiform-subulate; anthers cordate. 

 Capsule 5-valved at the top, few-seeded. 



1. G. maritima L. Succulent leafy perennial; stems 0..5-3 dm. high, gla- 

 brous; leaves sessile, from oval to linear-oblong, 4-12 mm. long; calyx campanu- 

 late, about 3-4 mm. long, pinkish or white; lobes oval, rounded. Sahne soil: 

 Newf. — N.J. — Colo. — Ore. — Alaska; Eurasia. Plain — Submont. Je-Au. 



12. DODECATHEON L. Shooting Star, American Cowslip, 

 Bird-bills. 



Scapose perennials, with short rootstocks. Leaves in basal rosettes. Flow- 

 ers umbellate on solitary scapes, nodding. Calyx-lobes 4 or 5, longer than the 

 tube, reflexed in flower. Corolla hypogynous; tube very short; lobes 5 or 4, 

 imbricate in the bud, reflexed, many times as long as the tube. Stamens 5 or 

 4, exserted; filaments usually united; anthers attached by their bases. Ovary 

 1-celled, free; style filiform; stigma capitate. Ovules numerous, half-anatropous. 

 Capsule partially 5-valved, the very apex in some species separating off as a lid. 

 Seeds numerous. 



Anthers subsessile or nearly so; tube of the filaments if any less than 0..5 mm. long. 



Leaf-blades ttiin, ovate, sinuately dentate, truncate, subcordate or obtuse at the 



base; anthers strictly sessile. 1. D. dcntatum. 



Leaf-blades thicker, linear, oblanceolate or oval, entire or minutely denticulate, 

 gradually tapering at the base. 

 Filaments purple; plant with a distinct, often bulbiferous rootstock. 

 Leaf-blades linear or narrowly linear-oblanceolate, entire. 



Plant low; corolla-lobes 10-18 mm. long. 2. D. alpinum. 



Plant tall; coroUa-lobes 20-2,5 mm. long. ."?. D. Jeffreyi. 



Leaf-blades broadly oblanceolate or elliptic; margins callous-denticulate. 



4. D. riviparum. 

 Filaments yellow ; rootstock merely a short vertical crown, bearing the leaves and 

 fleshy roots; bulblets none. 

 Leaves glabrous. 



Leaves distinctly petioled. 



Scape low, few-flowered; capsule circum-scissile near the apex; con- 

 nective rugose. 

 Leaf-blades oval, elliptic, or obovate; capsule 10-12 mm. long. 



.5. D. conjugens. 

 Leaf-blades oblanceolate or oblong, spatulate; capsule l.'i-ao mm. 

 long. 0. D. ciilindrocfirpum. 



Scape tall, many-flowered; capsule opening by valves from 1 lie apex; 

 connective not rugose. 7. D. mull illor urn. 



Leaves subsessile. S. D. pulchrum. 



Leaves pubescent. 9- n pubc.scens. 



Anthers not subsessile; filaments united into a distinct tube, 1-.3 mm. long. 



Capsule circumscissile near the apex; anthers more than twice as long as the tube 

 of the filaments. 

 Filaments and tliroat of the corolla indigo blue; loaf-blades obovate. 



10. D. Hendersoni. 

 Filaments and throat of the corolla yellow. 



Petals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse or acutish. 6. D. cylindrocarpum. 



