806 PLANTAGINACEAE 



5. P. septata Morris. Perennial; leaves short-petioled ; blades narrowly- 

 lanceolate, entire, about 1.5 dm. long, 1.5 cm. wide, 5-ribbed, woolly; scape 

 about 15 cm. high, wooUy, especially below; spike about 5 cm. long, in fruit 

 rather loose; bracts and sepals rounded-ovate, scarious-margined, obtuse, 2 mm. 

 long, glabrous; pyxis finely reticulate, circumscissile one-third from the base, 

 oblong, rounded at the apex. Plains and gulches: Alaska — Mont. — Mack. 

 Plain — Subarctic. Je-Au. 



6. P. lanceolata L. A biennial or perennial; leaves 4-30 cm. long, hnear- 

 elUptic to elhptic, acute, 3-7-ribbed, entire or denticulate, hairy at the base; 

 scapes 1-7 dm. long; spike dense, 1-8 cm. long; calyx-lobes 2-3 mm. long, broadly 

 oblong, obtuse; capsule oblong, circumscissile at the middle, 2-seeded. Lawns 

 and waste places: N.B. — Alaska — Colo. — Fla.; nat. from Eu. Plain. Ap-N. 



7. P. aristata Michx. Annual; leaves linear, acuminate, pubescent, 3- 

 ribbed, 1-5 mm. wide; scape stout, erect, 7-30 cm. long; spike 3-12 cm. long, 

 pubescent; bracts 1-3 cm. long; sepals spatulate-oblong, obtuse; corolla-lobes 

 ovate, spreading; pyxis 2.5-3 mm. long, circumscissile at the middle; seeds 2. 

 Dry soil: Me.— B.C.— N.M.— Fla. Plain. My-0. 



8. P. spinulosa Decne. Annual; leaves Unear, acuminate, 3-ribbed, 3-6 

 mm. wide, villous; scape 5-10 cm. long; spike interrupted, 3-7 cm. long, villous; 

 bracts 7-15 mm. long, spreading; sepals spatulate-oblong, obtuse; corolla-lobes 

 ovate, spreading; capsule 2.5 mm. long, obtuse, circumscissile at the middle, 

 2-seeded. Sask.— Alta.— Tex. Plain. My-0. 



9. P. xerodea Morris. Annual; leaves linear, 3-20 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, 

 glabrate or villous; scape 1-20 cm. high, pubescent; spike 1-6.5 cm. long; bracts 

 herbaceous, linear, attenuate, the lower three times as long as, the upper merely 

 equalling the flowers, scarious-margined at the base; sepals oblong, scarious, with 

 green rib; pyxis round-ovate, circumscissile just below the middle. P. picla 

 Morris. Arid regions: Ariz. — ^s Utah — s Calif. L. Son. 



10. P. Purshii R. & S. Annual; leaves ascending, linear, or nearly so, acute, 

 short-petioled, 3-ribbed, 3-8 cm. long, entire, woolly; scape 5-35 cm. long; spike 

 dense, cyhndric, 2-12 cm. long, very villous; sepals oblong, obtuse, scarious- 

 margined; corolla-lobes ovate, spreading; pod oblong, circumscissile about the 

 middle, 2-seeded. P. graphalioides Nutt. Plains and river valleys, in sandy 

 soil: Ont. — Sask. — B.C. — Ariz. — Tex. — Mo. Plain — Mont. My-Au. 



11. P. scariosa Morris. Annual; leaves linear or lance-linear, 2-4 cm. long, 

 2-4 mm. wide, obscurely 3-ribbed, white-villous; scape 3-12 cm. long, villous; 

 spike 6-20-flowered, globose to oblong, 5-18 mm. long, densely villous; bracts 

 scarious, with green rib, ovate, obtuse; sepals similar, with green or purple rib; 

 pyxis twice as long as the sepals, circumscissile just below the middle. Arid 

 places: Calif. — Utah — Ariz. Son. 



12. P. elongata Pursh. Annual; leaves cinereous-pubescent, linear, entire 

 or nearly so, l-ri})bed, 3-10 cm. long, 0.5-2 mm. wide; scape 3-8 cm. high; spike 

 1-10 cm. long; bracts triangular-ovate, scarious-margined, 2 mm. long; corolla- 

 lobes triangular, 0.5 mm. long; pyxis oblong-ovate, rounded at the apex, cir- 

 cumscissile just below the middle. P. myosuroides Rydb. Wet places: Sask. — 

 Okla.— Utah.— Alta. 



Family 122. RUBIACEAE. Madder Family. 



Herbaceous or woody plants, with opposite or apparently verticillate 

 leaves and usually perfect, but often dimorphous or trimor|)hous, regular 

 and symmetrical flowers. Ovary inferior, sunken into and adnate to the 

 hypanthium. Corolla in ours furnielforni or rotate, gamopetalous and 3-5- 

 lobed. Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with them; 

 filaments adnate to the corolla; anthers mostly linear-oblong. Ovary in 

 ours 2-celled, ripening into a didymous indehiscent, dry or fleshy fruit. 

 Ovules solitary in each cell. Endosperm in our genera fleshy or horny. 



