1028 CICHORIACEAE 



ones at the base. Flowers yello-w, seldom white or orange. Achenes cylindric, 

 not tapering towards the apex, truncate, 10-lo-ribbed. Pappus of 1 or 2 series 

 of sordid or brownish, fragile capillary' bristles. 



Involucres of the rather large heads irregularly more or less imbricate. 



Stem yellowish or whitish hirsute below. 1. H columbianum 



Stem glabrous or puberulent. 2. H. scabriusculum. 



Involucres of the rather small heads of an almost single series of principal bracts and 

 small calyculate ones below. 

 Flowers yeOow. 



Plant 4-10 dm. high, leafy. 



Involucres and peduncles densely hairy with long yellow hairs. 

 ^ , , 3. //. albertinum. 



Involucres blackish and glandular, without or with a few scattered yellow 

 hairs. 

 Involucres 8-10 mm. high, with scattered yellow hairs. 4. H. griseum. 

 Involucres 6-8 mm. high, without yellow hairs on the involucre or peduncles. 

 T,. ^ .,„,,., , 5. H. cynoglossoides. 



Plant low, 1-3 dm. high, with 1-3 stem-leaves and few heads. 

 .^, , 6. H. gracile. 



Flowers white or ocliroleucous. 7. H. albiflorum. 



1. H. columbianum Rydb. Stem about 6 dm. high, terete, more or less 

 tinged u-ith purple; lower leaves oblanceolate, 8-10 cm. long, light green and 

 somewhat glaucous beneath, usually more or less silky-hirsute, sinuately dentate, 

 acute; middle leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, with rounded or obtuse bases, 

 sessUe, the uppermost much reduced and bract-like; inflorescence corymbose- 

 cymose; heads 2-6; involucres 10-12 mm. high; bracts lanceolate, dark, puberu- 

 lent when young, glabrous in age. Marshy ground: Mont. — Ida. — Wash. — B.C. 

 Submonl. Jl-Au. 



2. H. scabriusculus Schwein. Stem erect, rather simple and strict, leafy; 

 lower leaves oblanceolate, the rest lanceolate, sessile, 3-8 cm. long, distantly 

 and acutely dentate, rather firm, paler beneath, scabrous-puberulent ; heads 

 corymbose; involucres rounded-campanulate, 10-12 mm. high; bracts glabrous 

 or nearly so, usually blackish. H. macranthum Nutt. Open woods, hills, and 

 valleys: Man. — Minn. — Wis. — Ore. — B.C. Plain — Submont. 



3. H. albertinum Farr. Stem 3-5 dm. high, villous with long white or 

 yellowish hairs from black papillae, or black-hairy above; leaves 5-12 cm. long, 

 the lower oblanceolate wth -n-inged petioles, the upper lance-linear to oblong- 

 lanceolate, densely long-hairy; heads paniculate; involucres 10-12 mm. high; 

 bracts long, narrowly lance-linear; pappus tauTiy. H. Scouleri A. Gray, not 

 Hook. Hillsand woods: Alta. — Utah— -Ore. — Wash. Submont. — Mont. Jl-Au. 



4. H. griseum Rydb. Stem 6-10 dm. high, covered with long white or 

 yellowish hairs from evident papillae ; lower leaves linear-oblanceolate, the upper 

 oblong-Linear or lance-linear, sessile, densely long-hairy; heads in a narrow panicle; 

 involucres about 1 cm. high; inner bracts linear-lanceolate, glandular, dark, ancl 

 at least when young beset with a few long hairs; pappus j-ellowish or tawny. 

 Hills, benchlands, and open woods: Alta. — Wyo. — Utah— B.C. Submont.— 

 Mont. Jl-Au. 



5. H. cynoglossoides Arvet-Touvet. Stem 3-5 dm. high, several-leaved, 

 hirsute throughout or glabrous above; lower leaves oblanceolate, rather sparingly 

 hirsute; upper leaves lanceolate, .sessile, often glabrate; heads corymbose-panicu- 

 late; involucres campanulate, 8-10 mm. high, black; bracts proper narrowly 

 linear, densely glandular, but without long hairs; pappus ta\\'n3'-wh.ite. Hills: 

 Mont. — Wj'o. — Wash. — B.C. Submonl. Je-Au. 



6. H. gracile Hook. Stem 1-3 dm. high, often scape-like, puberulent or 

 glabrate, sometimes with a few hispid hairs, especially in the inflorescence; basal 

 leaves obovate to oblong-spatulate, 2-7 cm. long, petioled, entire or repand- 

 denticulate, glabrous or nearly so; upper stem-leaves all small and bract-like; 

 heads usually few; involucres campanulate, 7-9 mm. high, usually densely black- 

 hirsute; pappus sordid or tawny. Mountains: Alta. — N.M. — Calif. — Alaska. 

 -V ub mont . — <S' uba I p. Je-Au. 



7. H. albiflorum Hook. Stem 3-6 dm. high, more or less leafy or in de- 

 pauperate specimens scapiform, long-hirsute below, glabrate above; basal leaves 



