FERN FAMILY 1045 



lanceolate, those above lanceolate to broadly oblong-lanceolate; segments oblong 

 or lanceolate, mostly obtuse or subacute, falcate or subfalcate, subentire to 

 crenatelv lobed; indusia smooth. Rock}' iilaces and old wood in swamps: Que. 

 — N.S.— Ga.— Okla.— Sask. 



4. D. Filix-mas (L.) Sw. Fronds borne in a crown, 1.5-10 dm. long, 6-30 

 cm. broad; blades broadly oblong-lanceolate, somewhat narrowed toward the base, 

 bipinnatifid or .bipinnate; pinnules oblong, obtuse, serrate at apex and obscurely 

 so on the sides, the larger incisely lobed; sori nearer the midvein than the margin; 

 indusia glabrous or glandular, often some with one or more glands and others 

 glabrous on the same frond. Damp woods: B.C. — Ore. — Ida. — Ariz. — N.M. — 

 (Black Hills) S.D.; Ont.— Que.— N.S.— Vt.; "Greenl," Eu. Submont.Suhalp. 



5. D. spinulosa (L.) Kuntze. Scale of stipe and rhizome light brown, one- 

 colored; fronds 2-9.5 dm. long; blades ovate-lanceolate to oblong; pinnae ob- 

 lique to the rachis, elongate-triangular, the lower broadly and unequally tri- 

 angular; pinnules oblique to the midribs, connected by a very narrow wing, acute, 

 incisely serrate or obliquely pinnatifid; segments incised; teeth mucronate, fal- 

 cate, appressed; sori submarginal, terminal on the veinlets. Damp woods: Newf. 

 Va. — "Ivy." — Wis.; B.C., Ida., and Eu. According to Macoun, throughout 

 Canada. Submont. — Mont. 



6. D. intermedia (Muhl.) A. Gray. Fronds in a crown, 2-9.5 dm. long; 

 scales of the stipe light brown, mostly with darker centers; blades usually dark, 

 often bluish green, ovate-lanceolate to oblong; pinnae usually nearly or quite at 

 right angles to the rachis, the lower unequally lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 

 the lowest inferior segment in the basal pair commonly shorter than the next; 

 upper pinnae lanceolate to oblong; pinnules pinnately divided, the largest not 

 decurrent; segments dentate. Wooded places: Newf. — N.C. — Tenn. — Wis. — • 

 Ont.; Tex. (? "Throughout Canada.") 



7. D. dilatata (Hoffm.) Underw. Fronds about 1-11 cm. or more long; 

 blades triangular to ovate or broadly oblong, usually tripinnate;' lower pinnae 

 broadly and unequally ovate or triangular, the upper lanceolate to oblong or 

 elliptic-lanceolate; pinnules lance-oblong; teeth mucronate, straight or falcate, 

 usually not appressed; sori mostly subterminal on the veinlets; in the typical 

 form with scales of the rhizome mostly heavily dark-striped, and indusia often 

 somewhat glandular, often some glabrous and others with one or more glands on 

 the same frond. Alaska — B.C. — Calif.; Eu. Intergrading with the form desig- 

 nated by Kunze as Aspidiuni compylopterum, having large light brown scales 

 only somewhat or not darker at center, ample fronds with spreading pinnules, 

 basal pinnae on the lower side much elongate, the upper pinnae often elhptic- 

 lanceolate, and indusia always glabrous. Greenl. — N.C. — n Ida. — (?) Wash. — 

 B.C. — Alaska; Calif, (rare); Eu. 



8. ASPLENIUM L. Spleenwort. 



Ferns varying in size, with simple or compoimd commonly pinnate fronds. 

 Sori oblong or linear, single or rarely a few double, borne on the veins. Indusia 

 superior, attached laterally to the vein, opening toward the midrib or midvein. 

 Veins free or rarely a few uniting. Scales of rhizome with dark-walled cells. 



Blade irregularly forking. 1. A. seplentrionale. 



Blade not forking. 



Blade simply pinnate. 



Stipe brown below; rachis green. 2. A. viride. 



Stipe and rachis chastnut-brown or blackish. 



Pinnae not auriclcd. 3. A. Trichomanes. 



Pinnae auricled at base on the upper or both sides. 4. A. platyneuron. 

 Blade bi- to tripinnatifld. 5. A. Adiantmn-nigrum. 



1. A. septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. Fronds tufted, .3.5-20 cm. long; stipes 

 browTi below; segments 2-5, oblique, linear, tapering both ways, entire or with a 

 few oblique long narrow teeth ; sori elongate, mostly 2-3 to each segment, usually 

 opposed in pairs; indusia entire or sparingly short-ciliate. Belvisin septentrionalis 

 (L.) Mirb. On rocks: S.D. — N.M. — L. Calif. — Wyo.; Eurasia. Submont. — Mont. 



