STANDLEY FLOEA OF GLACIER PAEK. 273 



7. PINACEAE. Pine Family. 



Trees or slirubs; leaves evergreen (except in Larix), needle-shaped, scalelike, or 

 awl-sbaped; stamens several together, subtended by a bract, forming catkins; fruit a 

 dry cone or often fleshy and berry-like. 



Leaves scalelike or awl-shaped, 1 cm. long or smaller, opposite or whorled. 



Fruit a small dry cone; branchlets flattened; a large tree 7. THUJA. 



Fruit berry-like; branchlets not flattened; small trees or low shrubs. 



8. JUNIPEaUS. 

 Leaves linear or needle-like, usually much more than 1 cm . long, clustered or alternate. 

 Leaves in clusters of 2 or more. 

 Leaves 2 to 5 in a cluster, evergreen, the cluster surrounded by a sheath at the 



base; cones not with projecting scales 1. PINTJS. 



Leaves 15 to 40 in a cluster, deciduous, the cluster without a sheath; cones with 



scales projecting from between the hard bracts 2. LARIX. 



Leaves attached singly to the branches. 

 Leaves sharp-pointed, 4-angled or rounded. Cones drooping, not falling apart at 

 maturity; branches (from which the leaves have fallen) very rough; bark 



rough 3. PICEA. 



Leaves blunt, fiat. 

 Ijeaves sessile; cones erect, falling apart at maturity; bark smooth, with resin 



blisters 4. ABIES. 



Leaves contracted at the base into a short stalk; cones drooping, not falling 

 apart; bark very rough. 

 Leaves mostly 2 to 3 cm. long, green; branchlets smooth; cones 5 to 10 cm. 



long, with projecting 3-lobed bracts 6. PSEUDOTSUGA. 



Leaves mostly 1 to 2 cm. long, whitish beneath; branchlets rough with the 

 leaf bases left by the fallen leaves; cones 1.5 to 2.5 cm. long, without 

 projecting bracts 6. TSUGA. 



1. PINUS L. Pine. 



Large trees, or near timber line often only shrubs, usuallj'' with rough bark; leaves 

 long, needle-like; flowers appearing very early in spring; cones not maturing until 

 the second season. 



Leaves in clusters of 2 or 3; cone scales with short sharp spinelike tips. 



Leaves 8 to 20 cm. long; cones 6 to 15 cm. long 1. P. ponderosa. 



Leaves 3 to G cm. long; cones 3 to 4 cm. long 2. P. contorta murrayana. 



Leaves in clusters of 5; cone scales without spinelike tips. 

 Bark whitish; low stunted tree or shrub, found only about timber line; cones 



5 to 8 cm. long; leaves 4 to 6 cm. long 3. P. albicaulis. 



Bark brown or blackish; usually large trees, most common far below timber line; 

 cones 8 to 25 cm. long. 

 Tree low, with a heavy trunk and large top; cones not stalked, spreaaing, 

 7 to 20 cm. long, only about twice as long as thick; leaves 3.5 to 7 cm. long. 



4. P. flexilis. 

 Tree very tall and slender, with a small top; cones distinctly stalked, drooping^ 

 15 to 25 cm. long, several times as long as thick; leaves 5 to 10 cm. long. 



5. P. monticola. 



1. Pinus ponderosa Dougl. Western yellow pine. A few scattered trees about 

 Lake McDonald; forming stands along the North Fork of the Flathead at low eleva- 

 tions. B. C. to S. Dak., N. Mex., and Mex. (P. scopulorum Lemmon.) — Large 

 tree with tall heavy trunk covered with large reddish scales, the crown usually 

 large but narrow; cones spreading. 



