STANDLEY — FLORA OF GL.ACIEB PAKK. 339 



1. CLEMATIS L. 



Somewhat woody vines; leaves opposite, composed of 3 to 7 leaflets; flowers solitary 

 or panicled; sepals 4, petal-like; petals very small or usually wanting; fruit a head of 

 achenes, each achene with a long hairy tail. 



Sepals white, about 1 cm. long; leaflets 5 or 7, toothed 1. C ligusticifolia. 



Sepals purple, 3 to 5 cm. long; leaflets 3, entire 2. C. columblana. 



1. Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. White clematis. At low altitudes on rocky 

 banks or hillsides; scarce. B. C. to Calif., N. Mex., and N. Dak.-Low vine; leaflets 



3 to 6 cm. long, with appressed hairs; flowers in loose panicles; tails of the achenes 



4 to 5 cm. long. 



2. Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray. Purple clematis. Plate 48, A. 

 Frequent at low and middle altitudes, in aspen thickets or moist woods. B. C. and 

 Wash, to Colo, and Alta. {Atragene columbiana Nutt.)— Low vine; leaflets 3 to 10 

 cm. long, thin, sharp-pointed, usually entire; sepals sharp-pointed. 



A showy and attractive plant, but it blooms too early in the season to be seen by 

 many visitors to the park. The Blackfoot name for the purple clematis is "ghost's 

 lariat," in allusion to the fact that the slender, tough stems catch people's feet and trip 



them unexpectedly. 



2. ACTAEA L. 



1. Actaea rubra (Ait.) Willd. Baneberry. Common at low and middle altitudes, 

 usually in moist woods or thickets. Alaska to Calif., N. Mex., N. J., and Newf.— 

 Perennial, with thick rootstocks, 0.5 to 1 meter high, glabrous or nearly so; leaves 

 large, composed of numerous lobed and toothed thin leaflets 5 to 10 cm. long; flowers 

 white, the petals 2 to 3 mm. long; stamens numerous, white, much longer than the 

 petals; fruit berrylike, with several seeds. 



The flowers are inconspicuous, but the fruiting plants are very showy and handsome. 

 The fruit is remarkably variable, and because of this fact some authors would divide 

 the Glacier Park material into three species. The typical form has bright red fruit, 10 

 to 12 mm. long. A. rubra neglecta (Gillman) Robinson {A. eburnea Rydb.) has white 

 fruit which appears as if made of china. The forms with red and with white fruit are 

 about equallv common and grow together; the plants differ in no other respects, and can 

 scarcely be considered distinct species. One plant was noticed by the writer in which 

 the upper fruits of the raceme were bright red, while the lower ones were almost white, 

 with a faint tinge of pink. The fruit varies also in size, and A. arguta Nutt. is a form 

 with globose fruit only 5 to 6 mm. long. This form is often found with the large- 

 truited plants, and does not appear to be of systematic importance. The smaller 

 Irttits are most commonly red, but not infrequently white. 



According to McClintock, the Blackfoot Indians used the boiled roots as a remedy 



lor coughs and colds. 



3. DELPHINIUM L. Larkspur. 



Erect perennials with simple stems; leaves long-petioled, divided into numerous 

 narrow lobes; flowers large, blue, in racemes; sepals petal-like, one of them produced 

 into a long spur; petals 2 or 4, small; stamens numerous; fruit of 3 or 4 pods. 



Roots tuber-like; sepals about 1 cm. long; pods usually about 1 cm. long. 



1. D. depauperatum. 



Roots thick, clustered, not tuber-like; sepals about 1.5 cm. long; pods 1.5 to 2 cm. long. 



2. D. bicolor. 



1. Delphinium depauperatum Nutt. Frequent in meadows just above timber line. 

 Wash to Calif., Wyo., and Mont.— Stems 20 to 40 cm. high, finely hairy above; stem 

 leaves numerous, about 3 cm. long, divided into narrow lobes, glabrous or somewhat 

 hairy; flowers few, dark blue, about 1 cm. long; petals whitish; pods glabrous or 

 finely hairy. 



2048—21 8 



