412 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 



bo; leaves 4 in a whorl, linear or lanceolate, 2 to 5 cm. long; flowers white or yellowish 

 white, in dense panicles, sweet-scented; corolla 4-lobed, about 3 mm. broad. 



A showy plant, often forming dense masses. In the park it is sometimes called wild 

 heliotrope, because of the fragrance of the flowers, but their odor does not resemble 

 that of heliotrope. 



82. CAPRIFOLIACEAE. Honeysuckle Family. 



Shrubs or trailing plants with opposite leaves; petals united, the corolla 5-lobed and 

 often 2-lipped; stamens 5 or sometimes 4; fruit drupelike or a berry, or sometimes dry. 



Leaves pinnate, composed of 5 or 7 leaflets 1. SAMBUCUS. 



Leaves simple, entire or lobed or toothed. 



Plants slender, trailing over the ground; stamens 4; fruit small, dry. 



2. LINNAEA. 

 Plants erect shrubs; stamens 5; fruit juicy. 



Flowers white, in a flat-topped cluster: leaves mostly 3-lobed and toothed; fruit 



1-seeded 3. VIBURNUM. 



Flowers pink or yellow, clustered in the leaf axils or on slender 2-flowered stalks; 

 leaves mostly entire; fruit containing 2 or more seeds. 

 Flowers clustered in the leaf axils; corolla about 6 mm. long, pink; fruit white, 



2-seeded 4. SYMPHORICARPOS. 



Flowers 2 on a slender stalk; corolla about 20 mm. long, yellow or yellowish; 

 fruit red or black, containing more than 2 seeds 5. LONICERA. 



1. SAMBUCUS L. 



1. Sambucus melanocarpa A. Gray. Elderberry. Common, especially at 

 middle altitudes, and frequently found above timber line; in moist woods or thickets, 

 in meadows, or on open slopes. B. C. and Alta. to N. Mex. and Utah. — Shrub, 

 1 to 2 meters high, often forming large clumps, glabrous or nearly so; leaflets ovate to 

 lanceolate, 5 to 20 cm. long, toothed; flowers sweet-scented, in dense cymes 4 to 6 

 cm. broad; corolla creamy white, flat; fruit black, about 5 mm. long, 3 to 5-seeded. 



The fruit is juicy and rather sour, lut of good flavor. It may be used for pies, 

 jam, etc. The stems contain a large amount of pith. 



2. LINNAEA L. 



1. Liunaea borealis L. Twinflower. Common on the west slope at low and 

 middle altitudes, in deep or thin woods or on open hillsides; reported from the east 

 slope, but not seen there by the writer. Alaska to N. Mex., N. J., and Greenl.; 

 also in Eur. and Asia. {L. americana Forbes.) — Stems very slender, trailing and form- 

 ing loose mats, finely hairy; leaves evergreen, 8 to 15 mm. long, rounded, with low 

 rounded teeth; flowers 2, on a long slender stalk; corolla pink, 1 cm. long, funnel- 

 shaped. 



A very beautiful and delicate plant. 



3. VIBURNUM L. 



1. Viburnum paucifl.orum Pylaie. Highbush cranberry. Occasional on the 

 west slope at low and middle altitudes, in moist woods or thickets. Alaska to Colo., 

 Pa., and Newf. — Shrub, about 1 meter high; leaves 4 to 10 cm. broad, mostly 

 subcordate at base, somewhat hairy; flower clusters 1 to 3 cm. broad; fruit red, about 

 1 cm. long. 



The fruit is sour but of good flavor. Where the plant is abundant the fruit is often 

 gathered and cooked, and it may be used as a substitute for cranberries, which it 

 resembles in flavor. 



