Shore Birds 



235. Purple Sandpiper {Arquatella maritima). 

 L. 9. Ads. Above black, margined with rusty and 

 cream-buff; below white, breast and sides heavily 

 marked with black. Winter. Head, neck, and breast, 

 slaty; back blacker, margined with slaty; central sec- 

 ondaries largely white. 



Range. — "Northern portions of the northern hemisphere: in North 

 America chiefly the northeastern portions, breeding in the high north, 

 migrating In winter to the Eastern and Middle States (casually to 

 Florida), the Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Valley." (A. O. U.) 



236. Aleutian Sandpiper (Arquatella couest). L. 8.5. 

 Similar to No. 235, but ad. and yng. with more 

 ochraceous; in winter grayish margins to back lighter 

 and wider. Notes. When flying, a low, clear, musi- 

 cal tweo-tweo-tweo\ when feeding, clu-clu-clii. (Nelson.) 



Range. — "Aleutian Islands and coast of Alaska, north to Kowak 

 River, west to Commander Islands, Kamchatka." (A. O. U.) 



256. Solitary Sandpiper (Melodramas solitarius). 



L. 8.4. Under wing-coverts, axillars, and all but 

 middle tail-feathers barred black and white. Ads. 

 Above fuscous with a faint greenish tinge; head and 

 neck streaked, back spotted with whitish ; below white; 

 throat and breast distinctly streaked with dusky. Yng. 

 Fewer spots and streaks above; breast markings fused. 

 Winter. Practically no white markings above. 



Range. — Eastern North America; breeds from Northern States 

 (rarely and sporadically) northward: little known of breeding habits; 

 winters south of United States to South America. 



256a. Western Solitary Sandpiper (H. s. cinnamom 



eus). Similar to No. 256, but spots above buffy, es- 

 pecially in fall; inner margin of outer primary speckled 

 black and white. 



Range.- Western North America: breeds in British Columbia (ex- 

 act breeding range unknown) ; winters south of United States. 



263. Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularia). L. 

 7.5. Ads. Below white thickly spotted with bl?ck; 

 above brownish gray with a faint greenish lustre, 

 lightly marked with black. Yng. Similar above but 

 faintly margined with dusky and buff; below white, 

 breast grayer; no black marks. Winter. Same but no 

 margins above. Notes. Teet-weet, repeated. 



Range. — North America, north to Hudson Bay; breeds throughout 

 Its North American range; winters from southern California and West 

 Indies to South America. 



284. Black Turnstone (Arenaria melanocephala). 

 L. 9. No rusty; lower back, longer upper tail-coverts 

 and base of tail white; shorter upper tail-coverts black. 

 Ads. Above and breast brownish black; belly white. 

 Yng. Browner margined with whitish. Winter. 

 Same as Yng, but no margins. Notes. A sharp, weet, 

 weet, too-weet. (Nelson.) 



Range.— "Pacific coast of North America from Point Barrow, Alas- 

 ka to Santa Margarita Island. Lower California; breeding from Alas- 

 ka to British Columb.a. " (A.O.UJ 



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