Perching Birds Marked With Red 



498. Red-winged Blackbird {Agelaius phceniceus). 

 L. d\ 9-5; W. 4.7; B. .88; depth at base, .5. Ad. $. 

 Black, in winter more or less tipped with rusty; lesser 

 wing-coverts scarlet; median wing-coverts buff, tips in 

 summer whitish. Ad. 9- Above brownish black, 

 widely margined with buffy and rusty; below whitish 

 heavily streaked with black; throat tinged with orange 

 or yellow; lesser wing-coverts tinged with red. Yng. 

 cf. Similar to Ad. rj\ but heavily margined with rusty 

 above and less so below; lesser wing-coverts duller and 

 narrowly edged with black. Notes. Call, chM, chink, 

 a reedy each; song, a chorus song, a liquid kong-quOr-rei', 

 alarm note a shrill cbee-e-e-e-e. The notes of this species 

 are subject to much variation with locality, but 1 find 

 it impossible to express on paper differences perfectly 

 apparent when heard. 



Range. — Eastern North America; breeds from Gulf of Mexico north 

 to New Brunswick and Manitoba; winters from Virginia and southern 

 Illinois southward. 



498a. Sonoran Red-wing {A. p. sonoriensis). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 498, but larger, bill more slender; 9 paler, 

 streaking below browner. W. 9> 4-8; B .95; depth at 

 base .5. 



Range.— Lower Colorado Valley In California and Arizona, southern 

 Arizona and south over coast plain of Sonora; Cape St. Lucas. 



498b. Bahaman Red-wing {A. p. bryanti). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but bill slightly longer, the female 

 streaked below with b.ownish instead of black. 



Range. — Bahamas and southern Florida. 



498c. Florida Red-wing {A. p. floridanus). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but smaller, the bill longer and more 

 slender; rf, W. 4 2; B. .9; depth at base .4. 



Range. — Florida, except extreme southern portion; west along 

 Gulf coast to Texas. 



498d. Thick-billed Red-wing (A. p. fortts). Simi- 

 lar to No. 498, but larger, bill shorter and proportion- 

 ately thicker. W. 5; B. .8; depth at base .5. 



Range. — Breeds on Mackenzie River, Athabasca, and other Interior 

 districts of British America; during migrations Great Plains, from 

 Rockies to Minnesota, Iowa, western Illinois, northern Kentucky, and 

 southwest to western Texas a id Arizona. (Ridgway.) 



498e. San Diego Red-wing {A. p. neutralis). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 498a, bat slightly smaller, the 9 with 

 streaks below wider. W. 4.7; B. .95; depth at base .5. 



Range.— Great Basin region from southern British Columbia south 

 to Mexico, western Texas, to southern California and northern Lower 

 California; in winter as far east as Brownsville, Texas. (Ridgway.) 



498f. Northwestern Red-wing (A. p. caiirinum). 

 Similar to No. 498, but slightly larger, bill somewhat 

 longer and more slender, the rj : with median wing- 

 coverts deeper buff, the 9 much darker, streaks be- 

 low wider, darkest 9 of group. W. 4.8; B. .9; depth 

 at base .45. 



Range. — Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia; 

 south in winter to southern California. 



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