Perching Birds Marked With Red 



499. Bicolored Blackbird (Agelaius gubernator 

 californicus). Ad. rf. Similar to No. 498, but median 

 wing-coverts darker and broadly tipped with black, 

 concealing as a rule, their brownish bases. Ad. $. 

 Very different from 9 of No. 498; above and below 

 blackish slightly edged with rusty. Notes. Similar in 

 character to those of No. 498, but with easily recogniz- 

 able differences. (See page 178.) 



Range. —Pacific coast; breeds from northern Lower California 

 northward, west of Sierra Nevada and Cascade ranges, to Washing- 

 ton; migratory at north part of range. 



500. Tricolored Blackbird (Agelaius tricolor). 

 Ad. cf . Similar to No. 498, but glossier, lesser wing- 

 coverts darker, median wing-coverts white; in winter 

 black more or less edged with grayish brown; median 

 wing-coverts dingy. Ad. 9. No rusty; above black- 

 ish edged with grayish; below black bordered with 

 whitish. Notes. "Said to be quite different" from 

 those of No. 498. (Bendire.) (See page 178.) 



Range.— Northern Lower California north to southern Oregon; local 

 in valleys of interior. 



5 23. Aleutian Leucosticte (Leucosticte gnseonucha) •, 

 Like No. 524a, but much darker, breast chestnut- 

 chocolate; larger, W. 4-4. 



Range.— Islands of Bering Sea (resident); in winter. Shumagin 

 Islands, lower portion of Alaska Peninsula and Kadiak Island. 



524. Gray-crowned Leucosticte (Leucosticte tephro- 

 cotis). L. 6.7; W. 4.1. Ad. cf. Reddish brown 

 more or less tipped with grayish; rump, upper tail- 

 coverts, lesser wing-coverts, outer edges of primaries, 

 and lower belly tipped with pink; forecrown black; 

 hindhead gray; cheeks down to blackish throat brown. 

 Ad. 9 . Similar but duller. Yng. Nearly uniform 

 brownish; margins of primaries showing some 

 pink. Notes. A quick alarm note, qui, qui. (Silloway.) 



Range. — Western LInited States; breeds in higher parts of Sierra 

 Nevada of California, from Mt. Shasta south to Mt. Whitney, and on 

 White Mountains (Grinnell) ; north in Rocky Mountains to British 

 Columbia; in winter east to Manitoba, Colorado, and NebraSKa. 



524a. Hepburn Leucosticte ( L. t. littoralis). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 524, but cheeks gray like hindhead; throat 

 often grayish. 



Range. — Higher mountains of Washington and British Columbia; 

 north to Alaska; winters south to Colorado and, on Pacific Coast, as 

 far north as Kadiak Island. 



525. Black Leucosticte {Leucosticte atrata). Simi- 

 lar to No. 524, but brown replaced by brownish black 

 in Ad. rf, or dusky slate brownish in Ad. 9 and Yng. 



Range. — Breeds on higher mountains of Idaho and Wyoming; 

 winters south to Colorado and Utah. 



526. Brown-capped Leucosticte [Leucosticte aus- 

 tralis). Resembles No. 524, but little or no gray on 

 hindhead, the black of fo.ehead passing gradually into 

 brown of nape and back. 



Range.— Breeds in mountains of Colorado at about 12000 feet alti- 

 tude, winters at lower altitudes and south to New Mexico. 



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