Perching Birds Chiefly Gray, Black, or Black and White 



62 1. Northern Shrike {Lanius borealis). L. 102. 

 Lores grayish. Ads. Above bluish gray; tail 

 black, outer featers tipped with white; below white, 

 usually with wavy bars. Vug. Above washed with 

 brown; below more distinctly and more heavily barred 

 Notes. Song, not unlike that of the Brown Thrasher 

 but more disconnected, less loud. 



Range.— North America; breeds from Labrador to Alaska; winters 

 south, irregularly, to Virginia, Kansas, Arizona, and California. 



622. Loggerhead Shrike {Lanius ludovicianus). 

 9. Lores black. Ads. Underparts white without bars; 



above bluish gray; rump and upper tail-coverts little if 

 any paler; tail black, outer feathers tipped with white. 

 Yng. Underparts, head, and rump more or less nar- 

 rowly barred. Notes. Call, harsh and discordant; 

 song, a series of guttural gurgles, squeaky whistles. 



Range.— Eastern United States; breeds from Florida to Virginia; 

 In Mississippi Valley, northeast to western Pennsylvania, central and 

 northern New York, Massachusetts, western New Hampshire, Maine, 

 and British Columbia; migrates down Atlantic States, as well as Mis- 

 sissippi Valley, and winters in southern States. 



622a. White-rumped Shrike (L. I. excubitorides) . 

 Similar to No. 622, but paler above, rump and upper 

 tail-coverts whiter; bill less deep. 



Range.— "Western North America, from eastern borderof the Plains 

 to the Pacific, except coast of California, and from Manitoba and the 

 Plains of the Saskatchewan south over tablelands of Mexico." 



622b. California Shrike (/.. /. gambeli). Similar 

 to No. 622, but rump paler, breast usually with indis- 

 tinct wavy bars and tinged with brownish. 



Range.— Pacific coast, from Lower California to British Columbia. 



622c. Island Shrike {L. I. anthonyi). Similar to 

 No. 622b, but darker and smaller, W. 3.7. 



Range. — Santa Barbara Islands, California. 



703. Mockingbird (Mimus polyglottos). L. 10.5. 

 Ads. Above ashy gray; below soiled whitish; outer 

 tail-feathers with white; wing-coverts narrowly tipped 

 with white; primaries white basally. Notes. Call, a 

 harsh, kissing note; song indescribable. 



Range. — Southeastern United States and Bahamas, west to north- 

 eastern Texas; breeds north to southern New Jersey (rarely 

 Massachusetts), and southern Illinois; winters from Virginia and 

 lower Mississippi Valley southward. 



703a. Western Mockingbird (M. p. leiicopterus) . 

 Similar to No. 703, but with a very slight brownish 

 tinge below and white areas in wing averaging larger. 



Range. — Southwestern United States and northern Mexico from 

 Indian Territory and eastern Texas west to California. 



765. Wheatear (Saxicola oenantbe). L. 6; W. 3.7. 

 Ad. J\ Back gray, upper tail-coverts and base of 

 tail white; below white more or less washed with buff. 

 Ad. $. Browner above and below, no black through 

 eye. Ads. in winter and Yng. Similar to 9,butdnnj' 

 mon brown above, cinnamon below. 



Range. — Asia; migrating in summer to Alaska. 



765a. Greenland Wheatear (S. a. leucorboa). Sim- 

 ilar to No. 765, but larger, W. 4. 



Range. — Western Europe; breeds in Greenland and on adjoining 

 mainland; rarely south to St. Lawrence; casually to Louisiana. 



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