The Birds of Wyoming. 109 



488. Corvus americanus Aud. 

 Crow. 

 Resident ; not common. Although the crow has been re- 

 ported from all parts of the state except the southwestern 

 corner and the western border, they are never seen in large 

 flocks. Usually there are a few, three or four pairs, that breed 

 in a community. When winter arrives most of them migrate. 

 The next season about the same number will be found living 

 in any particular place. As compared with the east Wyoming 

 has not one crow to Iowa's 100. I have observed the crows 

 in the following places : Fort Steele, Casper, Fort Fetterman, 

 Otto, Sundance, Red Buttes, Buffalo, and Kaycee. Cary 

 notes a small flock some six miles southeast of Newcastle in 

 1900; Coues has reported a specimen from La Bonte creek; 

 Holden records specimens taken in Wyoming; Jesurun finds 

 them rather common at Douglas, and Bond has noted a few 

 specimens at Cheyenne. 



491. Nucifraga columbiana (Wils.). 

 Clark's Nutcracker. 



Resident ; common in pine forests of the mountains. This 

 bird is usually known by its old name, "Clark's crow." It is 

 also wrongly called the "camp robber" by many- While they 

 prefer a mountainous country varying from 8,000 to 10,000 

 feet, they are often seen down to 4,000 feet, during early 

 spring and late fall. They go about in small flocks and as 

 a rule keep away from civilization. In September, 1898, I 

 found these birds in vast numbers about the towns at the 

 foot of the Wind River mountains. They remained for the 

 ten days that I was in the locality and fed daily about the back 

 doors of the miners' cabins and became very bold. This was 

 the fall prior to the very severe winter in this region. Since 

 that time I have never seen them in flocks about a village. 

 They breed in the Medicine Bow, Wind River, Laramie and 

 Big Horn mountains, where I have seen them in early spring, 

 but no nests or eggs have been reported. All of the collectors 



