MAGNOLIA WARBLER . 119 



New England and in the Hudson Valley, fairly common in 



eastern New England. It arrives about the tenth of May, 



passes north before the end 



of that month, and returns 



in September, and early 



October. On migration the 



Black and Yellow seems 



to prefer evergreens, but 



when abundant, it is found 



in all suitable places. It 



Fig. 18. Magnolia Warbler 

 is a common summer resi- 

 dent in the Canadian Zone, from the edge of the spruce 

 belt northward. It delights in the pasture spruces, the 

 thick growth of healthy young trees, whose lower branches 

 sweep the hillsides ; but it will live in almost any growth 

 that contains spruce, even high up the mountain-sides. 



The song is as characteristic a sound of the smaller 

 patches of spruce as that of the Yellow-rump is of the more 

 extensive tracts. Generally it suggests the syllables weely, 

 iveely, ivichy, with a rising inflection at the close, but there 

 are several variations, which can be learned only after long 

 practice. The song generally has more character than that of 

 the Yellow-rump. The alarm-note is a rather sharp chip ; 

 the bird has other short notes, one of which is a tizic, 

 resembling the song of the Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, but 

 thinner and drier (F. H. Allen). 



The Prairie, the Canada, and the Cape May are the 

 other warblers whose yellow under parts are streaked with 

 black. Neither the Prairie nor the Canada shows white on 

 the wing : the Prairie has no ashy-gray or black on the up- 

 per parts; the Canada has no white in the tail. A study, 

 too, of Eigs. 14 and 8 on pp. 110 and 100, will show the 

 difference in the pattern of black and yellow. The much 

 rarer Cape May, which, like the Black and Yellow, has a 

 yellow rump and white on the wing, may be distinguished 



