68 RUBIACE^. 



RUBIACE^. 



A shmb with opposite or whorled leaves: flowers in globular heads 1 



Herb with opposite leaves: flower parts in 4's (rarely 3's or 5's): fruit bristly 2 



Herbs with whorled leaves: stems square: flowers 3-4-merous: fruit biglobular 3 



1. CEPHALANTHUS, Linn^us. 

 1. C. occidentalis, L. Corolla narrow funnelform, white, 4-lobed. {fiutton-bush.) 



2. KELIiOGGIA, Torrey. 

 1. "K. galioides, Torr. Corolla funnelform, 3 or 4 lines long, pinkish or white. 



3, GAIilUM, Linnaeus. 



Fruit dry: leaves all in 4's, or the upper in pairs 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 



leaves mostly in 6's (some in 4's, 5's or 8's) 1, 5, 6, 7 



Fruit juicy: perennials with leaves in 4's 10 to 14 



1. O. Aparine, L. Eetrorsely hispid: leaves in 6's and 8's: fruit erect. 



2. G. bifolium, Watson. Smooth: alternate leaves shorter: peduncles solitary. 



3. G. Kamtschaticum, Steller. Leaves orbicular to oblong-ovate, 3-nerved. 



4. G. boreale, L. Leaves narrow, 3-nerved: flowers white in terminal panicles. 



5. G. trifldum, L. Leaves slender, obtuse, 4 to 7 lines long: flower parts often in S's. 



6. iS-. asperrimum, Gr. Leaves lanceolate, 6 to 12 lines long, cymes dichotomous. 



7. G. triflorum, Michx. Sweet scented: corolla greenish or yellowish: cymes 3-rayed. 



8. G. angustifolium, Nutt. Smooth, woody at base, rigid: fruit long-bristly. 



9. G. multiflorum, Kellogg. Tufted, a foot high or less: leaves ovate. 



10. G. pubens, Gr. Grayish, much branched: leaves broad, 6 lines long or less. 



11. G. Californicum, H. & A. Similar: leaves hispid-ciliate. Coast Range. 



12. G. Nuttallii, Gr. Tall, mostly smooth: leaves small, oval or narrower. 



13. G. Bolanderi, Gr. Mostly smooth: corolla dull purple: berry white. 



14. G. Andrewsii, Gr. Matted tufts 2 to 4 inches high, leaves crowded, narrow, 

 shining, sharp. 



VALERIANACEJE. 



Calyx-limb of plume-like lobes, inrolled until fruiting: leaves lobed or parted. 1 



Calyx-limb none: flowers in dense terminal clusters: leaves simple 3 



1. VAIiEEIANA, Tournefort. 



1. V. sylvatica. Banks. Stem leaves 3-11-foliolate: corolla 2 or 3 lines long. 



2. V. Sitcbensis, Bong. More robust: stem leaves 3-5-foliolate: corolla larger. 



