THE FLORA OF THK WOODHINK SAND AT AHTHl H8 BLUFF, TEXAS. 



Bv EmvAitii Wii.iiKK I'.KRin. 



INTRODUCTION. 



Tho protfoiui' of fossil plants in tin,' (.'ii-ia- 

 ceous strata of Laniar County, Tex., has boon 

 known for over half a coiilui'v, as is shown hv a 

 lettiT from Dr. B. F. Shuniard ilati'd Oflober 2, 

 1S60, read before the Academy of Science of St. 

 Louis at its session of November o, INfiO.' Dr. 

 Sliumard, at that time State geologist of Te.\as, 

 states that his brother, Dr. G. G. Shumard, dis- 

 covered in tl'.e Cretaceous yellcnvish sandstones 

 of ] .amar Count j- near lied Ki ver numerous dico- 

 tyledonous leaves resembling the modr-rn leaves 

 of Salix. Ih.r. Laurus, etc. These fossils were 

 undoubtedly from the locality now known as 

 Arthurs Bluff (fig. 11, p. 180), which has fur- 

 nished most of the subsecjuent collections. Dr. 

 Shumard further states that these plants were 

 sent to Leo Lesquereux for determination, but 

 if sent they were apparently lost in transit. - 

 ■ When R. T. Hill took up the study of the 

 Texas Cretaceous, new collections were made 

 between ISSO and 1^S5 at Arthurs BlufT and at 

 Denison, the latter a localit}' originally ihscuv- 

 ered by Dr. Shumard. These collections were, 

 according to Hill, sent to the L'nited States 

 National Musemii and lost in storage. Finally, 

 in Hill's great work on the Texas Cretaceous," 

 F. H. Knowlton furnished a report on collections 

 of fossil plants from the Woodbine sand at 

 Arthurs Bluff, I.,amar County; Woodbine, 

 Cooke County; and Denison, Grayson County. 

 The largest of these collections is the one from 

 .\rthurs Bluff, which was made in 1S94 by T. 

 Wayland Vaughan. The plants are preseixed 

 in a fragmentary state in a yellowish ferrugi- 

 nous sandy clay or loose sandstone. Knowl- 

 ton identified the following species from this 

 locality: 



.\ralia WfUinptoniaiia vaughanii Knowlton. 

 Benzoin venustum (Lesquereux) Knowlton. 



> Acad. Sci. St. Louis Trans., vol. 2, p. HO, 1S6S. 



» Lcsquereirx, Leo, Cretaceous flora: V. S. CJcol. Survey Terr. Repl.. 

 vol. 6, p. n, 1874. 



•Hill, R.T.,Geographyand geology ot the Black and Grand prairies, 

 Te.x.: U. S. Gcol. Survey Twenty-first .\nn. Kept., pt. 7, pp. 314-318, 

 pi. 39, 1901. 



I 'itwpyros primaeva Ileer. 

 i''uiia f;lai*ciieana Ix-Bquereux? 

 I.iriotlendron iiinnati(i<luin l,<'i«|U('r('ux? 

 Myrua longa i,IIecri Uecr. 

 I'liyllilis rhdinlioidcus l.<'S<|iieri'iix. 

 I'latanii.s priniaeva U'sciuereux. 

 Sapindus morrisoni llt^r? 

 .^alix dclcta Ix'8(|uereux. 

 Vitmrnuni robtistum 1x'8(|U<ti'Ux. 



The collection from Woodbine was made liy 

 G. H. Ragsdale and is reported as containing 

 these species: 



Andromeda i)l'aHiaiia lleer. 



Cinnamoinum (dlipsoideum .'^aporta and .Marion. 



Cinnamomum sp.? 



DiospyroB primaeva Heer. 



Eugenia primaeva I.<'S(|ueK'UX. 



Phyllites aristolochiaeforniis Jyesquereux? 



The collection from Denison was made by 

 T. V. Munson from two outcrops on Munson 

 Hill, from which Knowlton was unable to iilen- 

 tify any forms specifically, and Khamey Hill, 

 from which the following are recorded: 



• innamomum heerii I.es(|uer(\ix. 



Diospyros steenstrupi Ileer. 



Inga cretacea Lesquereux. 



Laurus proteaefolium Lesf|uereux. 



Lifiuidamliar integri folium I.es<|uereux. 



Magnolia liovdayana Lesquereux. 



Magnolia speciosa Heer. 



Populus sp.? 



Salix sp.? 



In 1911 T. W. Stanton and L. W. Stephenson 

 visited Arthurs Bluff and made a collection nf 

 fo.ssil plants which were sent to me. I made a 

 report on these plants the next year,* the fol- 

 lowing species having been recognized: 



Andromeda novae-caeeareae Ilolliek. 

 .Vndroineda snowii I.esquereux. 

 Aralia wellingtoniana lA'squereux. 

 Henzoin venustum ( Les<|uereux i Knowlton? 

 Brachyphyllum macrocaqium formosum Herry. 

 ('iiinamonium ni<-niliranaceuin i l.<'S(|uen'Uxi Ilol- 

 liek. 

 ( olutea primordialis Heer. 

 I'ornophyllum vetustum Xewlx'rry. 



« Berry, E. W., Contributions to the Mesoioic flora of the .Vtlaiitic 

 Coa-stal Plain— Vin, Texa.s: Torrey Bot. Club Bull., vol. 3t>. pp. 3'-7- 

 406, pis. 30-32, 1912. 



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