38 The Vegetation of the 



Abutilon Avicenuge Gsertn., Trifolium pratense L., Pastinaca sativa L., 

 Maruta cotula DC, Lappa officinalis All., Verbascum Thapsus L., Cheno- 

 podium urbicum L., Chenopodium botrys L., Cbenopodium ambrosioides 

 L., Polygonum persicaria L., Polygonum Convolvulus L., Rumex crispus 

 L., Cannabis sativa L., Phleum pratense L., Eragrostis poaeoides Beauv. 

 var megastacbya, Eragrostis pilosa Beauv., Bromus secalinus L., Panieum 

 sanguinale L., Setaria glauca Beauv. 



Old settlers, but not so common, are: Hypericum perforatum L., Ve- 

 ronica arvensis L., Nepeta catariaL., Nepeta gleclioma Bentb., Marrubium 

 vulgare L., Melilotus alba Lam., Malva sylvestris L., Martynia proboscidea 

 Glox., Amarantus spinosus L., Rumex obtusifolius L., Rumex acetosella L., 

 Dactylis glomerata L., Panieum glabrum Gaud. 



First observed between 1855 and 1860, and noYf very common: 

 Sonclius asper Vill., Linaria vulgaris Mill., Leonurus cardiaca L., Echinos- 

 permum Lappvila Lehm., Cynoglossum officinale L. 



New settlers after 1860 and before 1870 and now common: Nastur- 

 tium officinale R. Br., Stellaria media, Smith; less common: Verbascum 

 Blattaria L., Melilotus officinalis Willd., Eleusine indica Gartn., Setaria 

 verticillata Beauv. Trifolium arvense L. Lychnis Githago Lam., Camelina 

 sativa L. Cirsium arvense Scop. 



Single specimens were collected 1852 (but not seen since) of: Raphanus 

 Raphanistrum L., Nicandra physaloides Gaertn., Inula Helenium L and 

 Leucanthemum vulgare L. 



The latter re-appeared 1885 on the railroad tracks. 



In 1886 first appeared Conium maculatum L., and Lactuca scariola L. 



Several years ago single stocks of two grasses appeared along railroad 

 tracks, but not seen since: Triticum repens L and Lolium perenne L. 

 Probably the seed dropped from the cars but did not propagate. 



Some species sometimes escape from gardens or cultivated lands, but 

 are, until now, not naturalized: Argemoue mexicana L., Nasturtium Ar- 

 moracia Fr., Hibiscus Trionum L., Medicago sativa, Rosa rubiginosa L., 

 Anethum graveolens L, Daucus carota L, Helianthus annuus L., Tanacetum 

 vulgare L., Centaurea Cyanus L., Mentha viridis L., Satureja hortensis L., 

 Ipomoce purpurea Lam., Ipomoea Nil Roth, Lycium vulgare Dun., Poly- 

 gonum orientale L., Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Asparagus officinalis 

 L., Phalaris canariensis L and Setaria Italica Kunth. 



There is a number of species which are doubtful whether indigenous 

 or naturalized, 



Cerastium triviale Link (C. vulgatum L. spec, C, viscosum L. herb et 

 auct. americ.) is the first time mentioned by Pursh (Flora Am. sept. I., 

 320) and then by Nuttall (Gen. of N. Am. pi. I., 291), neither of them 

 says whether the plant be introduced or not. Barton (Fl. phil. I., 216) 

 says that perhaps only C. longepedunculatum Muhl (C. nutans Raf. ) and 

 C. arvense L are indigenous. Decidedly as an introduced plant it is spoken 

 of by Beck (Bot. of N. St. 51 ) by Dewey (Herbaceous plants of Mass. 89) 



