i)K liKlTISIl (((I.C.MlilA AND TlIK X( tliTII-AVKST. 17 



is Ci/rar/eoriir/iits {Dioiinites) Cii/innhiiDiNX,* a specios alliocl to tho mocloni Diorin, ednte of 

 ^^l'xioo. and also to spocics kiiowu in Envopo and othor parts of Anicvica as Wcaldon or 

 I>i\vor Cretaoooiis. "With tlu'so ari> associated coniferous woods which indicat(> the exislence 

 of several spei-ios of trees allied to Sei/iioia and (o Tu.nis. The soiiicw lial limitctl lloia of 

 tliese Middle Cretaceous coal-measures of the Queen Charlotte Islands was described by 

 nie in IST-J.t Jmd as no subs(>f|ucnt ndditinns h:ive l)i^(^n made to it. doi-s not need t<i be 

 further noticed here. 



A small collection made by Dr. G-. M. Dawson at Beaver Harbor, in the north end of 

 Vancouver Island, and not improbably of Middh^ Cretaceous age, though later than the 

 anthra<'ite of Queen Charlotte Island, contains leaves of Salishi/rin or uinki^o. and also of 

 tho genus Ah'tiro/iterif;. 



A somewhat larger and more varied collection, also made by Dr. G. M. Dawson, comes 

 from Baynes' Sound in Vancouver Island, and occurs in Ijeds overlaid by characteristic Cre- 

 ta<."eous marine shells. It represents an Upper Cretaceous horizon, perhaps a little lower 

 than that of the Nanaimo coal-Held. It contains several species of ferns of the genera 

 T(ciiioj)teris and Nihsonia, and other characteristic Mesozoic genera. Associated with these 

 iu the same specimens arc leaves of the modern genera, SalLx, Populus, Bef/t/a, Ulmns, Ceano- 

 tliiis, M<is:noUa and Sussd/raa. There are also leaves of the curious genus FrotophyUum, 

 found by I^squereux in the Cretaceous of Nebraska, and conifers of tho genera Salishuna 

 and G/i/jilostn>hit>!. Baynes' Sound is in the Comox coal-basin of Vancouver Island, which, 

 according to Mr. Richardson's sections, is approximately on th(» same horizon with that 

 of Nanaimo, on the same coast. J 



The Mora of Nanaimo and of Protection Island in its vicinity, has been collected by 

 Mr. Richardson, and is proved by the animal fossils associated with it to be of Upper 

 Cretaceous age. It holds species of ferns different from those of Baynes' Sound, and affords 

 species of Taxmlium, Sequoia and Salisburin, and leaves of a fan-palm {Snbti/), and of exogenous 

 trees of the genera Diospi/ros, Po]iiilii:<, J/tg-huis, Qiierriis, and other moderu types. There is 

 also fossil exogenous wood referable to some of the same genera. 



2. — Crelaceuiis of t/tn Nuiih-West Territories. 



In the sandstones of the Pine River and Peace River districts, not far from the base of 

 the Rocky Mountains, and about the latitude of 50°, there have been found, iu addition to 

 ferns and species of Seqitoia and Gli/jjfos/robtin, a species of Cyaulites, and leaves of Magnolia, 

 Ficiis, Pru/ojihi/lium, Menii^perrnites, Salix, Pojmhis, Lauroplii/llinn, Diospj/rox and Fagus. The 

 specimens indicate a very luxuriant and varied flora, such as might find suitable habitat 

 on the northern shore of the great warm-water Mediterranean, w^hich, iu the Middle 

 Cretaceous, occupied the space between the Rocky Mountains and the high lands of 

 Eastern America. Cretaceous mollusks are associated with the plants, and one of them 

 is identical with a species found in Queen Charlotte Islands. Coal is also associated with 



* Discove.re^l liy Mr. .Tamos Ricliardsoii, and describcil and 'figured by the writer. Report Geol. Survey, 1872-3, 

 t Report of Geological Survey of Canada. 

 X Geological Survey'of Canada, 187G-77. 



Sec. IV, 1882, 3 



