greater ease with which the new maize could be milled 
cause changes in the design of manos and metates, such 
as the use of mealing bins and the graded coarseness of 
the metates? Did the increased yields provided by the 
new maize result in changes of settlement pattern and 
village plan, as well as changes in architectural styles, 
such as increased size of storage rooms? Did the increased 
yields make the Pueblo people overly dependent upon 
maize horticulture so that the occasional inevitable crop 
failures, especially when they occurred for several con- 
secutive years, cause severe hardships and increased in- 
ter-village competition for the most desirable farm land, 
and even raids against villages which did harvest a suc- 
cessful crop by another village which did not? Was the 
moving of storage rooms into large multiroomed struc- 
tures a device for protecting the surpluses that could now 
be amassed? ‘These and many other questions can proba- 
bly be answered by additional field work and a re-exami- 
nation of data now available. 
With regard to the area east of the Rocky Mountains, 
there are scattered bits of evidence (Caldwell, 1958) that 
maize was grown in various places in the southeastern 
quarter of the United States probably as early as the last 
few centuries B.C. It is uncertain, however, just how 
important maize was in the Hopewell Culture with which 
these scattered finds of maize have been most commonly 
associated. Very little maize has been recovered, but this 
could be due in part to poor conditions for preservation. 
The best description of Hopewell maize appears to be 
that by Cutler (nx: McGregor, 1958: 169-170) based on 
106 grains, but no cobs, from the Pool Site, a Hopewell 
village in west-central [llinois. These grains appeared to 
be from ears with 10 to 14 rows, mostly 12, and similar 
to maize from the upper prepottery and lower pottery 
levels at Tularosa Cave. Cutler states that ‘“The ears 
[131 J 
