probably resembled the Guatemalan Tropical Flints 
more than they resembled the historic ears of the re- 
gion’’ and that ‘‘The grains probably were flint, but 
might have been flour. They were not sweet, pop, or 
dent.” 
The only direct evidence of maize in Plains Woodland 
(ca. A.D. 0-900) consists of a few kernels found in east- 
ern Nebraska at a site assignable to its latest phase 
(Kivett, 1952; Wedel, 1961). Of this maize, Mangels- 
dorf (tn: Kivett, 1952: 58) said ‘“‘their size and shape is 
such as to indicate they are popcorn not too different 
from the primitive popcorn from Bat Cave dated at 1500 
to 2000 B.C. This does not mean, of course, that this 
particular corn was grown at such an early date but there 
is no doubt that it represents a relatively primitive type 
of corn.”’ 
Thus, there is no chance that either the Hopewell or 
the Woodland maize is closely related to Maiz de Ocho, 
nor is it likely that either was involved in any way with 
the spread of Maiz de Ocho prior to its appearance in 
the Southwest. The dataare still too few to permit safe 
speculation on the relationship between Plains Wood- 
land maize and Hopewell maize. Although Plains W ood- 
land was contemporaneous with at least Late Hopewell 
and was apparently related to it both culturally and by 
trade, we can not be certain of even the relative chrono- 
logical relationship between the maize described for each. 
Both races, however, appear to be derivable from the 
Chapalote maize occurring even earlier in the Southwest. 
East of the Rocky Mountains, the earliest dated oc- 
currence of something resembling Maiz de Ocho is at the 
Davis Site in eastern Texas, as described by Jones 
(1949). We borrowed samples of charred cobs taken from 
this site and concluded that they might have been from 
a small-eared type of Maiz de Ocho because of their 
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