Letharia vulpina (L.) Vain — (Wolf moss) 
skwalyo (PB,AV) 
A childbirth medicine was made from a species of tree “moss,” 
very possibly Letharia vulpina. The expectant mother’s body was 
rubbed with it (RS, AV). 
A yellow “moss” found on Pseudotsuga menziesii, also proba- 
bly Letharia, was used as a toothache medicine. It was soaked in 
hot water for ten to fifteen minutes and then placed in the area of 
the cavity or toothache. It was believed that this plant was poison- 
ous, so the patient was warned not to swallow the saliva. In a 
short while the pain of the tooth would be alleviated, and after a 
few days the tooth would break apart into pieces (PB). 
Sores and scabs were first washed and then this lichen was 
placed on the affected area as a poultice (AP, CW). 
It was also used to dye feathers a yellow greenish color (PB). 
BRYOPHYTA 
Claopodium sp. — (Moss) 
This absorbent moss was used to line cradle boards and as a 
padding inside baby diapers. Placed both fore and aft, the moss 
lining lasted about twelve hours, and then was washed and reused 
(PB). 
PTERIDOPHYTA 
Equisetum arvense L. — (Horsetail) 
tuxwen (Ad, PB, AP, AV, CW) 
A tea made from the whole plant was used as a diuretic 
(Ad,PB). 
GYMNOSPERMAE 
CUPRESSACEAE 
Juniperus communis L. — (Common juniper) 
ciqceqenlshp (PB) 
Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. — (Rocky Mountain juniper) 
punlshp (Ad, PB, LP, AP, AV, 
CW) 
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