Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. — (Prairie sage) 
qepgepte (Ad, PB, AV) 
Several uses were made of this plant: a decoction made from 
the leaves was used externally to wash bruises (PB); was placed in 
bath water along with a similar decoction from Rosa woodsii and 
used for itchiness (Ad); or was drunk as a bitter, strong-tasting tea 
for colds (RS) or the decoction was used to wash areas affected 
with poison ivy (AD). 
The leaves of this sage and that of Pseudotsuga menziesii 
were placed in sweathouses as incense (Ad). 
Hides were rubbed with the foilage of this plant before they 
were soaked; apparently this treatment prevented hides from 
souring (RS). 
Artemisia tridentata Nutt. — (big sagebrush) 
pupunelshp (PB, LP, AV, CW): 
‘stink plant’ 
An unfusion of this sage was drunk as a remedy for colds and 
pneumonia (RS). 
Aster conspicuus Lindl. — (Showy aster) 
An unfusion of the roots was drunk in the treatment of 
gonorrhea (PB). 
Balsamorhiza sagittata (Pursh) Nutt. — (Arrowleaf — balsam- 
root) 
Plant: mtuchuwe (Ad, 
PB. AP, JP; MSS, 
AV, CW) 
Root: taeqwu (PB, 
AV) 
The leaves were used as a poultice for swellings (MSS) or burns 
(AP, CW). An infusion of the roots was drunk for tuberculosis, 
whooping cough, to increase urinary flow, or as a physic (JP). 
The tough, woody roots were made palatable by baking ina fire 
pit for at least three days (RS).And the flowering stems were 
peeled and eaten raw (Ad, AP, JP, MSS, RS, CW) or were 
cooked as a green (Ad). 
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